1. 13 November 2009 Cardiovascular Physiology
Lab next week: Frog Heart Physiology
Abstracts due Today at start of Class.

2. CO = HR x SV 5L/min = 72 beat/min x 70 ml/beat 35L/min =. beat/min x
CO = HR x SV 5L/min = 72 beat/min x 70 ml/beat 35L/min = ? beat/min x ? ml/beat

3. Summary of Factors that Regulate Cardiac Output
Fig
Even persons with heart transplants can increase CO in the absence of innervation of heart.
12.28.jpg
Notice: No Parasymp innervation of Cardiac Myofibers, Parasymp to Conducting Cells only.

4. Mean Arterial Pressure = Cardiac Output x Total Peripheral Resistance
MAP = CO x TPR
MAP = (HR x SV) x TPR

5. Poiseulle’s equation

6. Properties of Blood Vessels
All vessels and heart chambers lined with ENDOTHELIAL cells (simple squamous)
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
Elastic, low compliance, large diameter, low resistance vessels
Resistance vessels
Exchange
Wall = simple squamous endothelium
Capacitance vessels, high compliance, low pressure, valves for unidirectional flow

7. Fig. 12.29 Aorta Brachial or Femoral artery Pusatile flow
Damage to artery vs vein
12.29.jpg

8. 6
Fig b
Analogy: river width and flow
12.39b.jpg

9. Fig
Elastic recoil of stretched arterial walls during ventricular systole maintains arterial pressure during diastole as blood drains into arterioles.
Atherosclerosis
12.30.jpg
Point of Confusion: Smooth muscles in arterial walls DO NOT rhythmically contract!

10. Arteries and Arterial Pressure Mean Arterial Pressure
Arteriole
Arterioles have two main functions: 1) regulate flow to tissues and organs and 2) responsible for Total Peripheral Resistance which influences Blood Pressure.
MAP = CO x TPR
Poiseulle’s Equation

11. Fig
12.50.jpg

12. Receptors for other ligands
Alpha receptors more common except in skeletal muscle arterioles which have more B2 receptors

13. Fig. 12.36 3 Used in Nuclear Stress Test
12.36.jpg
Metabolic autoregulation, flow autoregulation, myogenic autoregulation

14. Fig. 12.36 3 No parasympathetic innervation of arterioles!
Metabolic vasodilators
No parasympathetic innervation of arterioles!
Importance of sympathetic “tone.”
12.36.jpg
Metabolic autoregulation, flow autoregulation, myogenic autoregulation