1. Characterization of a 300 kbp Region of Human DNA Containing the Type II Hair Keratin Gene Domain 
Michael A. Rogers, Hermelita Winter, Christian Wolf, Jürgen Schweizer 
Journal of Investigative Dermatology 
Volume 114, Issue 3, Pages (March 2000)
DOI: /j x
Copyright © 2000 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Long range map of the ≈300 kbp region covered by the human genomic DNA clones PAC 4 and PAC 5. Gray boxes represent type II hair keratin genes, including pseudogenes. Type II epithelial keratin genes flanking the hair keratin gene domain are given in black.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology  , DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 2000 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Physical NdeI map of the ≈240 kbp region containing the characterized type II epithelial and hair keratin domain. The physical map shown is contiguous. Vertical black lines show NdeI RE sites. Gray boxes denote individual exons; purple boxes show exons regions sequenced previously by other authors (Tyner et al. 1985;Glass & Fuchs 1988;Bowden et al. 1998) (see also text). Black numbers below each individual NdeI fragment indicate sizes in kilobase pairs. The plus signs following the black numbering denote subcloned NdeI fragments. Black horizontal arrows show the direction of transcription of the genes. The black vertical arrowhead indicates one end of the PAC 4 clone. Red bars indicate areas of finished sequencing, yellow bars denote areas of two pass/crossover sequencing. Blue bars demarcate areas closed by long range PCR. The physical map of the 65 kb region upstream of the K7 gene, an area which does not contain human keratins, is not shown.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology  , DOI: ( /j x)
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4. Figure 3
Multiple sequence alignments of group A hair keratins hHb1, hHb3, and hHb6. Asterisks below the amino acid sequences indicate sequence identities; dots indicate sequence homologies. Asterisks at the end of a sequence string denote a stop codon. Inverted solid triangles demarcate borders of the α-helical domains.
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5. Figure 4
Multiple sequence alignments of group C hair keratins hHb2, hHb4, and hHb5. For details, see legend to Figure 3.
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6. Figure 5
Expression of newly discovered hair keratin genes/pseudogenes. (a) Reverse transcription–PCR of the coding regions of the type II hair keratin hHb2 (lane a), hHb4 (lane b), jhHbB (lane c), and jhHbD (lane d; the white numbers indicate the size in kbp of the PCR fragments analyzed in (b). An asterisk denotes a PCR product not evaluated in (b). Molecular size markers (lane M) are indicated in kbp on the left side. See also Table 1. (b) Schematic representation of deletions and splice site alterations in the 1.6 and 1.4 kb PCR products of jhHbD. Vertical arrows indicate exon–intron boundaries; Solid arrowheads show positions of aberrant stop codons. del., deletions; ins., insertion.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology  , DOI: ( /j x)
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7. Figure 6
Evolutionary tree analysis of human type II hair and cytokeratins. The amino acid sequences of the α-helical 2B subdomains used for multiple alignment and phylogenetic tree construction of the type II cytokeratins and hair keratins were derived from the following cDNA/genomic clones of the EMBO database: K1 (HSKTEP2A), K2e (HUMCYTOKER), K2p (HYCYT2A), K3 (HSKER65D), K4 (HSKERC4), K5 (K2C5_human), K6a (HSKERA), K6b (HSKEREP7), K7 (HSKER7R), K8 (HSKRT8), hHb1 (X81240), hHb2 (Y19207), hHb3 (X99141), hHb4 (Y19209), hHb5 (X99140), and hHb6 (X99142). Multiple sequence alignments were performed using the CLUSTAL program. Evolutionary tree construction was prepared using the CLUSTREE program.
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8. Figure 7
Consensus enhancer element sequences present in the promoter regions of the type II hair/cytokeratin genes/pseudogene. The top bar indicates the distance upstream from a point 20 bp downstream of the putative tataa box sites of each keratin gene/pseudogene. The enhancer element names are located below each black box. References for enhancer elements present in the graph but not mentioned in the text are available from the Transfac Database web site ( under their enhancer element names.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology  , DOI: ( /j x)
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