1. Testing of Pigments for Plastics

2. Testing of Pigments for Plastics
Properties
Importance
Coloristic Properties
Color Shade and Strength
Heat Stability
Suitability for polymer
Limiting Concentrations
Maximum operating temperatures at a particular concentration
Filter Index
Suitability for Fiber and film applications
Migration
Regulatory applications like FDA compliance
Warpage
Dimensional stability
Film Note
To test pigment dispersion on plastic film

3. Coloristic Properties
Color Shade
Defines the Hue and purity of a particular shade in comparison to a Standard.
Color Strength
Defines the intensity of a color at a particular concentration in TiO2.

4. Coloristic Properties- Evaluation at Sudarshan
QC Test Method _LDPE
Equipment: LDPE two roll mill
Polymer: LDPE 2 MFI
QC Test Method _PVC
Equipment: Two Roll Mill
Polymer: PVC K value- 67
Test Method: SUDA0711

5. Current QC Test Method Test Method :- SUDA0711
Mastication Time :- 8 min
Temp. : /- 5⁰C
Full Tone :- Visual observation
Tint :- Based on coloristic value ( DL, Da, Db, DC, DH +/- 0.7, DE ≤ 1.0)
Strength : /- 5%

6. Test Equipment for Current QC Test Method

7. Heat Stability
The ability of a pigment to sustain a processing temperature in a polymer system without showing a significant change in color.
Expressed as temperature . Generally at a particular temperature for 5 minute dwell time

8. Heat Stability- current test method
Equipment: Injection Molding (Dr. Boy)
Polymer: HDPE Polymer 8 MFI
Test method (Cross Reference): DIN EN 53272
Test Temp. :- 200 to 300 ⁰C
(increased mostly at 20 ⁰C interval)
Dwell Time :- 5 min
Result :- Temperature in ⁰C after 5 minutes dwell time at which discoloration with a color differentiation E*ab = 3

9. Single-Screw Extruders
Hopper
Heater bands
Screw
Barrel
Die
Extrudate
‘Plain’ screw
Cooling fans

10. Test Equipment for Heat Stability

11. Filter Pressure Value
The test determines ‘oversize’ of a pigment particles in a sample according to DIN EN
The test is commonly used for QC of fiber master batches specially for Film, Tape, Fiber, Non-woven, Raffia, Carpet & Multifilament yarn application.

12. Labtech Filter Tester Filter tester head
Computerized control of filter tester

13. Filter Pressure Value of PY 191 on 25 Micron

14. Poor pigment dispersion in PP yarn

15. Filter Pressure Value –Implemented in QC
Product Code
CI Name
FPV (Bar/gm of pigment)
Specification
Sudaperm Yellow 2909
PY 180
0.94
≤ 2.00
Sudafast Yellow 132
PY 191
0.44
Sudaperm Yellow 2925k
PY 110
0.82
Sudaperm Yellow 2927
1.12
Sudaperm Orange 2917
PO 64
1.14
Sudacolor Red 5016
PR 53:1
1.78
Sudacolor Red 570
PR 48:3
0.28
Sudacolor Red 564
PR 48:2
0.54
Sudacolor Red 635
PR 57:1
1.04

16. Filter Pressure Value –Implemented in QC
Product Code
CI Name
FPV (Bar/gm of pigment)
Specification
Sudafast Blue 2789
PB 15:3
0.60
≤ 2.00
Sudafast Green 2730K
PG 7
0.90
Sudafast Blue 2764
PB 15:1
0.66
Sudafast Yellow 132K
PY 191
0.44
Sudaperm Red 2964TM
PR 170
0.30
Sudacolor Red 554TM
PR 48:2
0.20
Sudaperm Pink 2991
PR 122

17. Migration (SUDA0711) Current Test Method (Bleeding in PVC) Polymer PVC
Pigment %
0.1
Test Temperature ⁰C
140
Test Time
2 hours
Weight Applied
---
Test result: Assessment with the grey scale for assessing staining level 1-5 according to ISO 105-A02

18. Warpage
Warpage The distortion caused by non-uniform shrinkage within a part.
Caused by some kind of stress induced during filling, packing, or cooling.
Warpage is a complex phenomenon and is often caused by the combination of many forces.
Cross Reference :- ISO 294-4

19. Warpage – Test method
Method based on comparison of injection moulded plates 60 x 60 mm in HDPE with and without 0.1% pigment – test plates
Plates moulded at 220 °C and 280 °C
Results: By measuring length and width between test plates in natural HDPE and colored with 0.1% pigment. Warpage factor is calculated and a warpage category is assigned.

20. Warpage category assessment
60 mm
length
2.5 mm
film gate
1.5 mm
width
% FV = x 100
% Slength - % Swidth
% Swidth
FV = Shrinkage
% Slength = Length shrinkage in % vs. natural material
% Swidth = Width shrinkage in % vs. natural material
Warpage category:
FV = % = Note 1 - suitable
FV = % = Note 2 - limited suitability after pre-tests
FV = > 20 % = Note 3 - not suitable

21. Low Warpage Product Product Code CI Name Warpage Class at 220 ⁰C
Sudacolor Yellow 113
PY 62 1 --
Sudafast Yellow 132K
PY 191
Sudaperm Yellow 2933
PY 139
Sudaperm Orange 2917
PO 64 2
Sudacolor Red 570
PR 48:3
Suadcolor Red 564
PR 48:2
Sudaperm Red 2963k
PR 170
Sudaperm Red 2964
Sudaperm Red 2967k
Sudaperm Red 2985
PV 19
Sudaperm Red 2953k
PR 264
Sudaperm Pink 2991
PR 122

22. Sudaperm Pink 2991 (PR 122)
Sudaperm Pink 2991

23. PV Fast Pink E (PR 122)
PV Fast Pink E

24. Film Note
This test procedure is designed to determine how quickly pigment agglomerates (un dispersed particle) will collect on the surface of plastic blown film as per std test method (DIN ).
Observation
Film Note Rating
Assessment
Film with no un-dispersed pigment particle 1
Excellent dispersion
Film with some un-dispersed pigment particle (2 to 3 ) 2
Very good dispersion
Film with acceptable un-dispersed pigment particle (4 to 5) 3
Good dispersion
Film with too many un-dispersed pigment particle:    ( 6 to 15) 4
inferior dispersion
Film with a lot of un-dispersed pigment particle:           5
Very bad dispersion

25. Test equipment for film note

26. Pigment test method for Plastic Application
Thank You
First choice for new formulations