1. Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 274-281 (January 2016)
Spinal cord stimulation suppresses atrial fibrillation by inhibiting autonomic remodeling 
Songyun Wang, MD, Xiaoya Zhou, MD, PhD, Bing Huang, MD, Zhuo Wang, MD, Liping Zhou, MD, Mingxian Chen, MD, Lilei Yu, MD, PhD, Hong Jiang 
Heart Rhythm 
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages (January 2016)
DOI: /j.hrthm
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2. Heart Rhythm 2016 13, 274-281DOI: (10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.08.018)
Copyright © 2016 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 1
Schematic representation of electrodes on atria and pulmonary vein sites (A and B) and experimental flow chart (C). 3H = 3 hours of rapid atrial pacing; 6H = 6 hours of rapid atrial pacing; AF = atrial fibrillation; ARGP = anterior right ganglionated plexus; BH = baseline; ERP = effective refractory period; ILGP = inferior left ganglionated plexus; IRGP = inferior right ganglionated plexus; IVC = inferior vena cava; LA = left atrium; LAA = left atrial appendage; LIPV = left inferior pulmonary vein; LSPV = left superior pulmonary vein; LV = left ventricle; PA = pulmonary artery; RA = right atrium; RAA = right atrial appendage; RAP = 6-hour rapid atrial pacing; RIPV = right inferior pulmonary vein; RSPV = right superior pulmonary vein; RV = right ventricle; SCS = spinal cord stimulation; SLGP = superior left ganglionated plexus; SVC = superior vena cava; WOV, window of vulnerability;.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2016 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 2.
Changes in AF inducibility in the RAP group and RAP+SCS group. A and B: Incidence of AF at 3H and 6H, respectively. C and D: AF duration and cycle length, respectively. *P < .05, **P < .01 vs RAP group at the same time point. NS = P > .05; other abbreviations as in Figure 1.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2016 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 3
ERP changes (A–H), ERP dispersion (I), and ΣWOV changes (J) in RAP group and RAP+SCS group. *P < .05; **P < .01 vs RAP group at the same time point. #P < .05; ##P < .01 vs group baseline. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2016 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

6. Figure 4
Autonomic neural function changes in RAP group and RAP+SCS group. A and B: Sinus rate change induced by ARGP stimulation. C and D: Systolic blood pressure change induced by LSG stimulation. *P < .05; **P < .01 vs group baseline with the same stimulation voltage. LSG = left stellate ganglion; other abbreviations as in Figure 2.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
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7. Figure 5
Representative examples and quantification analysis of autonomic neural activity in the RAP and RAP+SCS groups. A-C: Neural activity in ARGP. D-F: Neural activity in left stellate ganglion (LSG). *P < .05, **P < .01 vs RAP group at the same time point. #P < .05, ##P < .01 vs group baseline. Abbreviations as in Figure 1.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2016 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

8. Figure 6
The relative messenger RNA (mRNA) level of c-fos, nerve growth factor (NGF), and small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel type 2 (SK2) expression in ARGP (A–C) and LSG (D–F). *P < .05, **P < .01 vs control group. Abbreviations as in Figure 1 and Figure 4.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2016 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

9. Figure 7
Representative example (A and B) and relative protein level (C and D) of c-fos, NGF, and SK2 expression in ARGP and LSG. *P < .05, **P < .01 vs control group. GAPDH = glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase; other abbreviations as in Figure 1 and Figure 6.
Heart Rhythm  , DOI: ( /j.hrthm )
Copyright © 2016 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions