1. Utterance, Sentence, Proposition
How to identify it…

2. Semantics is a part of Linguistics
REVIEW
State true or false!
Semantics is a part of Linguistics
All meaning is conceptually acceptable for all people
Meaning can be interpreted from the word, phrases, and / or signs.

3. Signifier and Signified (saussure’s Concept)
Signifier are the words, phrases, signs and symbols which need to be interpreted to grab the signified concept.
A context is determining the signified concept.
Look at these examples:
1. A thief comes to the cashier and says “open it! ”
2. A husband gives something to his wife and says “open it”

4. Questions :
What is the signifier from the example above?
What are the signified concept from the examples above?
What element that determine the signified concept ?

5. UTTERANCE…
An utterance is the use of any piece of language by a particular speaker on a particular situation.
It can be in the form of a sequence of sentences, a single clause, a single phrase, or just a single word.
Examples:
Tina visits her niece and meets a new friend
Tina :”Hi”
Toni was sweeping the floor when a hot frying pan was fallen
Toni: “Ouch”

6. SENTENCE After cooking, mother speaks to father softly
A sentence is a grammatically complete string of words expressing a (partial) complete thought.
A sentence can include words grouped meaningfully to express a statement, question, exclamation, request or command.
Example :
After cooking, mother speaks to father softly
Mother : “I am tired”

7. WHAT ABOUT PROPOSITION ?
It is an active declarative sentence either it s true or false.
e.g.
The sun rises everyday.
William Shakespeare died in 1945.

8. How to identify … Look at the characteristics of the signifier.
Identify the type of the signifier
Identify the signified concept based on the context

9. Open page 25 and do the exercises no 2, 3 and 4.
Lets Practice…
Open page 25 and do the exercises no 2, 3 and 4.
No. 2
Is semantics concerned only with complete sentences? Explain.
No. 3
Indicate the conventions used in the text to distinguish a sentence from an utterance. Give an illustration of each.

10. No.4
Indicate whether each of the following sentence pairs expresses the same or different propositions.
a. Mary read the book / The book was read by Mary
d. The chef cooked the meal / The chef had the meal cooked
e. Hondas are easy to fix / It’s easy to fix Hondas