1. Chapter Four Sensation

2. Question
If you had to choose to live without one of your senses, which sense would you choose to give up?
Seeing
Hearing
Smelling
Tasting
Touching

3. Answer
Polling question: no correct response

4. Question
Receptors play which of the following roles in the processes involved with sensation?
They transduce incoming sensory stimuli into action potentials.
They convert neurotransmitters into enzymes in response to environmental input.
They are in charge of moving your limbs in response to incoming sensory stimuli.
All of the above.

5. Answer Choice a is correct.
Receptors are involved with transduction. They detect certain forms of energy and respond to that energy by firing an action potential and releasing neurotransmitters that send signals to neighboring cells. (Chapter 4, Sensory Systems section)

6. Question
As you turn up the volume on your stereo, you are producing sound waves from the speakers that have a larger __________.
amplitude
frequency
timbre
all of the above

7. Answer Choice a is correct.
The amplitude of a sound wave determines that sound’s loudness. The frequency of a sound wave determines that sound’s pitch. (Chapter 4, Sound section)

8. Question
Transduction of sound waves into action potentials occurs where?
Pinna
Tympanic membrane
Cochlea
Auditory nerve

9. Answer Choice c is correct.
The cochlea is the structure in which transduction occurs for the auditory system. (Chapter 4, The Ear section)

10. Question
Which of the following choices contains the correct combination of receptor cell type, location, and function?
rods, center of retina, color vision
cones, periphery of retina, black-and-white vision
rods, center of retina, black-and-white vision
cones, center of retina, color vision

11. Answer Choice d is correct.
Cones are receptor cells that predominate in the center of the retina and can distinguish colors. Rods, in contrast, are more concentrated in the periphery of the retina and allow sight in dim illumination, but they cannot discriminate colors. (Chapter 4, Converting Light into Images section)

12. Question
What would you predict would happen to an image that is projected onto the spot where the optic nerve exits the eyeball?
The image would appear upside down to the person.
The image would seem very bright, even in a dark room.
The image would not be seen, due to the blind spot.
The image would appear in black-and-white, but not in color.

13. Answer Choice c is correct.
Because there are no receptor cells for vision at the point where the optic nerve exits the back of the eyeball, a blind spot is created and images projected on that location would not be seen. (Chapter 4, Visual Pathways section)

14. Question
Because it contains the receptor cells (hair cells) for hearing, the cochlea is analogous to what part of the visual system?
Lens
Cornea
Rods
Retina

15. Answer Choice d is correct.
The cochlea and the retina are analogous because both contain the receptor cells for the sensory systems in which they function. (Chapter 4, Vision section)

16. Question
You fall asleep during lecture. You wake up as your professor is discussing pheromones. You should know that she is currently reviewing which of the following sensory systems?
Taste
Touch
Smell
Hearing

17. Answer Choice c is correct.
Pheromones are chemicals that are released by one animal and detected by the olfactory system of another animal. Such pheromones shape the second animal’s behavior and/or physiology. (Chapter 4, Olfaction section)

18. Question
The focus of gate control theory is on the experience of __________.
tasting bitter foods
pain
body temperature
seeing bright colors

19. Answer Choice b is correct.
Gate control theory posits that the presence of a “gate” in the spinal cord either permits or blocks the passage of neural impulses regarding pain to reach the brain. (Chapter 4, Pain section)