1. CHAPTER 6
CHROMOSOMES
AND
CELL REPRODUCTION

2. About 2 trillion cells are produced by you every day Per second?
About 25 million
Egg/Sperm  “Zygote” Embryo  Fetus  Baby

3. “Cell Division”
“Cell Reproduction”

4. THE CELL CYCLE = sequence of growth and division - Interphase
- Mitosis
2 Stages?

6. G1

7. S DNA Replication Exact copies of Chromosomes
**DNA must be copied then distributed

8. DNA
Gene = a segment of DNA
that codes for a protein
Gene
Genes  You

9. Gene Chromosome DNA Chromosome = consists of DNA tightly
coiled around proteins

10. Single? 46
# Pairs? 23
“Somatic cells”
(body cells)
HUMANS

11. Why pairs? Diploid = 2n Mom Dad Pair 1-22 = Autosomes Pair 23 = Sex
Gene 
 Gene
Gene 
 Gene
Pair 1-22 =
Autosomes
Gene 
 Gene
Gene 
 Gene
Pair 23 =
Sex
Chromosomes

12. Human 46
Molecules that aid?
G1?
End of S? 92
Enzymes

13. G2
Growth/Prep
for Mitosis
“Centrioles”
“Centrioles”

14. MITOSIS Cytokinesis Acronym? PMAT Phases? Prophase Metaphase Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

15. 92
PMAT 46 46
Cytokinesis 46 46

16. DNA pairs find “partner” = Sister Chromatids
Chromosome 
DNA pairs find “partner”
= Sister Chromatids
Sister Chromatids 
“Homologous Chromosomes”

17. M P
Pairs? 46 T A  

19. YouTube - Mitosis

20. CYTOKINESIS
Animal
Plant
“Cleavage Furrow”
“Cell Plate”

21. Daughter Cells go?
Interphase

22. 3 1
Prophase
Anaphase 4
Which?
Telophase 2
Metaphase 5
Interphase

23. Control of the Cell Cycle
90% time in Interphase
Feedback signals
– “red/green light”
Controlled by proteins

25. Cancer = uncontrolled growth/division of cells
If gene that contains info for cell growth/division is mutated =
Cell growth/division unregulated

26. Tumor “benign tumor” “malignant tumor” Metastasis Therapy?
= a mass of abnormal cells.
“benign tumor”
“malignant tumor”
Metastasis
(start more tumors)
Therapy?
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy with toxic drugs.
Mammograms 

28. END

31. How many
cells are in a phase
represents how long
the phase is