2. S. N. Gebremariam and J. M. Marchetti
Techno-economic feasibility of producing biodiesel from acidic oil using sulfuric acid and calcium oxide as catalysts
S. N. Gebremariam and J. M. Marchetti
Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1432, Ås, Norway.
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February 2019
Trondheim
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Norwegian University of Life Sciences

3. Contents Introduction Objective Methods Results Conclusion
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4. Introduction
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5. Objective
To analyze the techno-economic feasibility of producting fuel grade biodiesel uisng calcium oxide and sulfuric acid catalysts separately and in combination
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6. Methods Process simulation based using
Aspen Plus (Material & Energy balance)
Super Pro (Economic analysis)
Reaction Models
Using sulfuric acid catalyst
Transesterification and
Esterification
Using CaO catalyst
Tranesterification and
Saponification
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7. Optimum reaction conditions from litrature
Methods cont…
Description of reactions
*Marchetti et al. Production of biodiesel from acid oil using sulfuric acid as catalyst: kinetics study. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 2010;6:38-43.
** Avhad et al. Modeling chemical kinetics of avocado oil ethanolysis catalyzed by solid glycerol-enriched calcium oxide. Energ Conver and Manage. 2016;126:
Reaction
Optimum reaction conditions from litrature
Temperature
Catalyst amount
(WRT oil mass)
Molar ratio
(Alcohol to oil)
Ref
CaO catalyzed
75 °C
7 % 9 *
H2SO4 catalyzed
55 °C
2.1 %
6.1 **
For sulfuric acid catalyzed: 97.57% conversion could be achieved in 21 hours
For CaO catalyzed: 97.58% conversion could be achieved in 2 hours
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8. Model I: Homogeneous sulfuric acid catalyzed transesterification of acidic oil for biodiesel production
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9. Model II: Heterogeneous CaO catalyzed transesterification of acidic oil for biodiesel production
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10. Model III: Heterogeneous CaO catalysis with sulfuric acid pre-esterification of acidc oil for biodiesel production
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11. Fig. 1: Technical performances of the studied process models
Results
Fig. 1: Technical performances of the studied process models
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12. Fig. 2: Economic performances of the studied process models
Results cont…
Fig. 2: Economic performances of the studied process models
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13. Results cont… Sensitivity analysis
Fig. 2: Effect of change of oil cost on NPV for Model I ( ), Model II ( ) & Model III ( )
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14. Results cont…
Fig. 3: Effect of change of biodiesel selling price on NPV for Model I ( ), Model II ( ) & Model III ( )
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15. Conclusion Model II (CaO catalyzed transesterification) is
The least cost alternative
With minimum unit production cost
Profitable, indicating
Positive NPV,
Higher % of ROI &
Less Payback Time
More tolerant to market flactuations of inputs and outputs
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16. References
Marchetti et al. Production of biodiesel from acid oil using sulfuric acid as catalyst: kinetics study. International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies. 2010;6:38-43.
Avhad et al. Modeling chemical kinetics of avocado oil ethanolysis catalyzed by solid glycerol-enriched calcium oxide. Energ Conver and Manage. 2016;126:
Zhang Y, Dube M, McLean D, Kates M. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: 1. Process design and technological assessment. Bioresou techno. 2003;89:1-16.
Peters MS, Timmerhaus KD, West RE, Timmerhaus K, West R. Plant design and economics for chemical engineers. McGraw-Hill New York1991.
Sinnott RK. Chemical Engineering Design in: C. Richardson, (Ed.). Chemical Engineering. Fourth ed. Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 2005.
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17. Thank you for your attention
Questions ????
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