1. Chapter 8
Erosion & Deposition

2. Changing Earth’s Surface
Vocabulary
Weathering –
Erosion –
Sediment –
Deposition –
Mass Movement –
process that breaks down rocks
movement of rock and soil from one place to another
material moved by erosion
when sediment is laid down
movement of sediment downhill due to gravity

3. Mass Movement Gravity Caused by – Types Landslide Mudflow Slump Creep
Most destructive – rock and soil slide quickly downslope
Rapid – water, rock, & soil
Rock & soil move in one whole chunk
Slowest – barely noticeable – bent trees

4. Water Erosion Water that travels over Earth’s surface Runoff –
Factors affecting runoff
Amount of rain an area receives
Vegetation: more = less
Type of soil
Shape of the land: steep = more
How people use the land
Water that travels over Earth’s surface

5. Erosion by Rivers Create Valleys Waterfalls Floodplains Meanders
Oxbow lakes

6. River Deposits
Alluvial Fan
Deltas
Soil on Flood Plains

7. Groundwater Water that is underground
Erosion through chemical weathering
Form
Caves
Stalactites
Stalagmites
Sinkholes

8. Force of Moving Water Vocabulary Energy – Potential energy –
Kinetic energy –
Load –
Abrasion –
Ability to do work or cause change
Stored energy
Energy due to an object’s motion
The amount of sediment a river carries
Wearing away of rock by grinding action

9. Water S peed and Sediment Load
Factors
Slope:
Volume of Flow:
Streambed Shape:
Steeper = faster = more sediment
More = faster = more sediment
Deeper = less friction = faster = more sediment

10. Glaciers
Glacier –
Types
Valley
Continental
Large mass of moving ice

11. Glacial Erosion Two processes Features
Plucking
Abrasion
Features
U-shaped valley
Cirque
Horn
Fiord
Arete
A process in which rocks are picked up
Shape of valley due to glacial erosion
Bowl-shaped hollow
Sharpened peak
Deep valley filled with sea water
Sharp ridge separating two cirques

12. Glacial Deposition Types of features Till Moraine Prairie Potholes
Drumlin
Kettle Lake

13. Waves wind Energy comes from - How they cause erosion –
Impact by waves
Abrasion
wind

14. Features caused by Waves
Erosional –
Cliff
Sea stack
Cave
Depositional
Beach
Spit
Barrier Beach

15. Erosion by Wind How Erosional features Depositional Features
Deflation -
Abrasion -
Erosional features
Desert Pavement
Polished rocks
Depositional Features
Sand dunes
Loess
Process by which wind removes surface materials
The grinding away of rock by impact of other rocks