1. Active Transport

2. Active Transport Active transport animation
Particles moving from LOW to HIGH concentration.
“Paddling against the current.”
Requires energy (ATP).
Needed for nerve impulses and muscle contractions.
Active transport animation

4. Vesicles move substances ACROSS membranes
Endocytosis – movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle.
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Exocytosis – movement of a substance by a vesicle to the outside of a cell.

6. Phagocytosis “Cell eating”
Cytoplasm surrounds particle, packages it in a food vacuole and engulfs it
White blood cells destroy bacteria and viruses by phagocytosis.
Video

7. Pinocytosis “Cell drinking”
Small pockets in the cell membrane form, fill with liquid and this pinches off to form a vacuole within the cell
Video

8. Exocytosis
The membrane of the vacuole fuses with the cell membrane and the cell forces it out
Cell expels digested material and waste.
Opposite of endocytosis (phagocytosis and pinocytosis.)