1. Case Study

2. Case Study Report Format
Title Page
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of the case
Purpose
Methodology
Case Story
Case Analysis
Effect of the case (symptoms, causes and consequences))
Effort made to address the case (Generation and Evaluation of Alternative Solutions)
Recommendations
Learning points
Implementation (Action – Plan)
Appendixes (if any)
References (if any)

3. What is a case?
The case is used in many situations to contribute to our knowledge of individuals, group, organizational, social, political and related phenomenon.
Case is a common tool to explain a situation and provide evidence.
Case studies allow to understand complex social phenomenon.
Robert K. Yin, 2009, Case Study Research: Design and Methods, SAGE, London.

4. What is a case?
The case study method allows investigators to retain the holistic and meaningful characteristics of real-life events such as individual life cycles, organizational and managerial process among others.

5. What is a case?
The central tendency among all types of case study is that it tries to illuminate a decision or a set of decisions: why they were taken, how they were implemented and with what result.

6. Why case study? Distinguish pertinent from peripheral information,
Identify the problem(s) at hand and define its context and parameters,
Identify a set of possible solutions,
Formulate strategies and recommendations for actions,
Make decision, and
Confront obstacles to implementation.

7. Skills and competency Analytical Critical Thinking Context Issue
Problem
Solutions etc
Critical Thinking
Why it happened?
How it happened?
Would it have been different?
Could it happen in different way?

8. Skills and competency Data Management Writing What Where to get
Quality
Sufficiency
Writing
Logical flow
Presenting idea
Use of evidence
Communicating

9. Writing a case study
Step 1: Selecting issue/problem and context
The context in which the problem/issue emerged. It may be a situation in which, service receiver, provider, or any other persons/organization encountered a problem in service processes

10. Example
Manju, Executive Officer of Malangawa Municipality, had a file on her table for a few days. She seemed little worried whether she could make an appropriate decision. Her decision would, on the one hand, protect public property while on the other hand would displease public. For avoiding any complication further, she was taking time to make an appropriate decision but could not prolong further.

11. Writing…
Step 2: Problem Statement
State the problem the person/organization faced in service processes. Also, mention why the problem needs to be resolved

12. Example…
Around 100 families had occupied land of Malangawa Municipality Ward No 7 and 8. The families were living there since last 40 years. Initially, there were only about 20 families which increased by more than five folds and expected to increase further. It had negative impact on public life and property. Meanwhile, the Municipality initiated road expansion which would require to displace all those families. Manju was required to take such a decision so that she could save public property and also would not get public dissatisfaction.

13. Writing…
Step 3: Case Story
Case history, what was done and when (time line can be one of the tools to explain the story)

14. Example
In 2030 BS, local land lord, Harish, called few landless family to work for him and allowed to occupy that land. At that time local administration did not care this issue. The number then started to increase, as of now more than 100 families have occupied the public land.

15. Writing…
Step 4: Case analysis
Symptoms, cause and effects

16. Example
Different political groups have used these families for their interest with a promise to provide land ownership. But none could fulfill the promise. The issue is being aggravated because of play between political parties, social organization and other different groups. They have a claim that either they were supposed to provide landownership of the occupied land or to provide viable alternative.

17. Writing…
Step 5: Initiatives to resolve the problem
Analyze the initiatives taken or the possible alternatives (with evidences) to solve the problem

18. Examples…
For resolving this issue, some initiations were taken in different time periods but none of them produced results. For example, previous Executive Officer Govinda made a sincere effort to resolve the issue in Everything was going good but because of some political issues, the priority of the government shifted, he could not resolve it as expected.
Manju reviewed previous initiatives taken by Officers and made following list:
In 2057, a team was formed led by the Executive Officer of the Municipality to analyze the issue and recommend with viable solution …

19. Writing… Summarize the case including your observation/learning point
Step 6: Conclusion/Recommendation
Summarize the case including your observation/learning point
Implementation plan (Action plan, if the case has not been closed)

20. Example…
Encroachment of public land is serious issue. If this is not solved at earliest, it may be complicated to address. Resolving such issue would require sincere effort from the office bearer. In many issues we do not want to take initiations thinking that it will put us on risk. It will instead solving the problem, further complicate. Manju could have avoided to take the risk like others. But she chose to take risk and therefore, was able to produce result.

21. Thank you