1. LO: To assess the impact of Industrial Growth under the Tsars
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this lesson you will be able to…
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*

2. Look at the sequences below, can you identify what comes next?
LO: To assess the impact of
Industrial growth under the
Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*
Task: Once you have written
Your title and date…
Look at the sequences below, can
you identify what comes next?
1. Emancipation of the Serfs
2. Peasants Land Bank
3. War Communism ?
1891 ?
Factory Inspectorate
Employment of Under-12s banned
11 hour working day ?

3. Look at the sequences below, can you identify what comes next?
LO: To assess the impact of
Industrial growth under the
Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*
Task: Once you have written
Your title and date…
Look at the sequences below, can
you identify what comes next?
1. Emancipation of the Serfs
2. Peasants Land Bank
3. War Communism
4. NEP
1891
1947
Factory Inspectorate
Employment of Under-12s banned
11 hour working day
Workers Insurance

4. LO: To assess the impact of Industrial growth under the Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*
So, what are our key
questions for today?
What attempts were made to
Develop Russian industrial ?
How successful were these
Attempts in transforming
Russian industry?
How far was industrialisation
Throughout the period
Motivated mainly by a desire to
Catch up with the west?

5. LO: To assess the impact of Industrial growth under the Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*
Focus of Industrialisation
Emphasis on heavy (iron, steel, coal and engineering) industry.
Wish to catch up with France and Britain, plus Germany post 1871.
Desire to emulate the industrial revolutions of Western Countries.
Regularly held back by peculiar nature of relationship with agriculture.
Alexander II
“New work discipline”, strict
Regulations for amateur industry.
Increased state involvement.
Minister of Finance Reutern
Focuses on railway construction.
Attracted foreign expertise
And capital.
Ludwig Loop from Manchester
(textiles) Nobel (Oil) Hughes
(Iron and Steel) Welsh Russians!
3532km (1862) 22498km (1868)
Bulk carrying capacity of railway.
Industrial output doubles, growth
Rate of 6% annually.
Government bonds, tax exemptions and
Monopolies given to foreign companies.
Private companies given contracts, supported
By government bailout promises.
Corruption rose significantly.
“The first proto state managed exercise
In industrial advance” – Trebilcock.
- Paved the way for Sergei Witte

6. LO: To assess the impact of Industrial growth under the Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*
Alexander III
-Nikolay Bunge, Finance Minister
- Various fiscal initiatives e.g. Poll Tax 1886, Salt Tax 1881
1883 Peasant Land Bank
Railways taken into state ownership 69% by 1911.
Blamed by AIII for dramatic fall in value of Rouble.
Replaced by Vyshnegradsky!
A hardliner who utilised government revenues more efficiently.
Medelev Tariff 1891, tax on imports
Exported lots of grain, 1891 famine blamed on him.
Sergei Witte
The “Great Spurt”.
1893 economy still heavily depended on agriculture.
Witte decides to focus on industrialisation at expense of agriculture
Causes consternation amongst Russian elite.
Brought back foreign experts, foreign capital, placed rouble on the Gold
Standard. Put most investement in heavy industry and rail.
Coal production doubled, iron and steel sevenfold, railtrack 29183km-52162km
Income from industry 42m roubles in 1893 to 161m roubles 1897

7. LO: To assess the impact of Industrial growth under the Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*
Impact
By 1900 Russia third in world iron production
From 1840s-1880s era of free trade with limited state control.
Some of Witte’s achievements exaggerated, engineering and textiles neglected.
This later affected demand for raw materials
Reliance on foreign loans meant capital unstable.
Foreign experts meant little homegrown talent.
Railway system still 11 times shorter than Germany.
Trans-Siberian never fully completed.
Agriculture not developed at same rates.
Industrial output increasing.
Russian coal production in % of Britain, GNP per capita 20% of Britain.
Idea that Russia may have caught up, if not for WW1, false?
Many workers still employed in “Cottage” industries.
Fact that economy falls apart during WW1 shows poor foundations.
Finance system could not fund the war and hyperinflation sets in.
War hampers the ongoing progress of Industrial growth.

8. LO: To assess the impact of Industrial growth under the Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*

9. LO: To assess the impact of Industrial growth under the Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*

10. LO: To assess the impact of Industrial growth under the Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*

11. LO: To assess the impact of Industrial growth under the Tsars
Describe industrial growth E-D
Explain how this affected workers C-B
Judge how far this was transformative A-A*