1. Introduction to HTML Part 2
Outline
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Basic HTML Tables
4.3 Intermediate HTML Tables and Formatting
4.4 Basic HTML Forms
4.5 More Complex HTML Forms
4.6 Internal Linking
4.7 meta Elements
4.8 frameset Element
4.9 Nested framesets
Web Resources

2. Objectives To be able to create tables with rows and columns of data.
To be able to control table formatting.
To be able to create and use forms.
To be able to create and use image maps to aid in Web-page navigation.
To be able to make Web pages accessible to search engines using meta elements.
To be able to use the frameset element to display multiple Web pages in a single browser window.

3. 4.1 Introduction Tables: present information
Forms: collect information from visitor
Internal linking and image maps: Enhance Web page navigation
Frames: display multiple documents in the browser

4. 4.2 Basic HTML Tables Organize data into rows and columns
table element:<table></table>
Attributes
Description
border
specifies the table’s border width in pixels
summary
describes the table’s contents
Caption (sub element)
describes the table’s content and helps text-based browsers interpret table data

5. Head section (header cell, defined with a thead element)
Contains header information such as column names
Foot section (defined with a tfoot element)
Table body (defined with a tbody element)
Data cells (defined with td element)
Sub-elements (for thead & tfoot)
Description tr
individual table row th
columns in the head section

6. Example1: HTML Table: table1.html
<table border = "1" width = "40%"
summary = "This table provides information about the price of fruit">
<caption><strong>Price of Fruit</strong></caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Fruit</th>
<th>Price</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tfoot>
<th>Total</th>
<th>$3.75</th>
</tfoot>

7. <tbody>
<tr>
<td>Apple</td>
<td>$0.25</td>
</tr>
<td>Orange</td>
<td>$0.50</td>
<td>Banana</td>
<td>$1.00</td>
<td>Pineapple</td>
<td>$2.00</td>
</tbody>
</table>

8. 4.3 Intermediate HTML Tables &Formatting
Element colgroup: groups and formats columns
Element col:
tr and th attributes:
attributes
Description
align
determines the alignment of text in the column
span
determines how many columns the col element formats
attributes
Description
rowspan,colspan
specify the number of rows or columns occupied by a cell
valign
= top = middle = bottom = baseline
aligns data vertically

9. Example2: Complex HTML table: table2.html
<table border = "1">
<colgroup> <col align = "right" span = "1" /> </colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th rowspan = "2">
<img src = "camel.gif" width = "205"
height = "167" alt = "Picture of a camel" />
</th>
<th colspan = "4" valign = "top">
<h1>Camelid comparison</h1><br />
<p>Approximate as of 9/2002</p>
</tr>
merge two rows
merge four columns

10. <th># of Humps</th> <th>Indigenous region</th>
<tr valign = "bottom">
<th># of Humps</th>
<th>Indigenous region</th>
<th>Spits?</th>
<th>Produces Wool?</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<th>Camels (bactrian)</th>
<td>2</td>
<td>Africa/Asia</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<th>Llamas</th>
<td>1</td>
<td>Andes Mountains</td>
</tbody>
</table>

11. 4.4 Basic HTML Forms Element form: <form> </form>
Sub-element: input <input />
Attributes
Description
method
method = “post”
method = “get”
specifies how the form’s data is sent to Web server
Appends form data to the browser request
Appends form data directly to the end of the URL
action
Specifies the URL of a script on the Web server

12. Sub-Element input: <input> </input>
Attributes
Description
type
type = “hidden”
type = “text”
type = “submit”
type = “reset”
Type of form’s input
‘hidden’ input passed to server-side script
Textbox with specific size
Submit button
Reset button
name
Name passed to server-side script as parameter
value
‘Visible’ name on the form

13. Example3: Form design: form.html
<form method = "post" action = "/cgi-bin/formmail">
<p>
<input type = "hidden" name = "recipient“ value = />
<input type = "hidden" name = "subject" value = "Feedback Form" />
<input type = "hidden" name = "redirect" value = "main.html" />
</p>
<p><label>Name:
<input name = "name" type = "text" size = "25“ maxlength = "30" />
</label></p>
<input type = "submit" value = "Submit Your Entries" />
<input type = "reset" value = "Clear Your Entries" />
</form>
Example3: Form design: form.html

14. 4.5 More Complex HTML Forms
Sub-Element textarea: <textarea> </textarea>
Inserts a multiline text box (text area)
Sub-Element input: <input> </input>
Attributes
Description
rows
Specifies the number of rows
cols
Specifies the number columns
Attributes
Description
type
type = “password”
type = “checkbox”
type = “radio”
Type of form’s input
Password box with specific size
Enable users to select from a set of options
Radio button

15. Sub-Element select: <select> </select>
Drop down list
Contains element option: <option> </option>
Sub-Element option:
Adds items to the drop-down list
Attributes
Description
selected
Specifies which item initially is displayed as the selected item

16. Example 4: Form with text areas, a password box and checkboxes: form2
Example 4: Form with text areas, a password box and checkboxes: form2.html
<form method = "post" action = "/cgi-bin/formmail">
<p><label>Comments:<br />
<textarea name = "comments" rows = "4" cols = "36">
Enter your comments here.
</textarea>
</label></p>
<p><label> Address:
<input name = " " type = "password" size = "25" />

17. <strong>Things you liked:</strong><br />
<p>
<strong>Things you liked:</strong><br />
<label>Site design
<input name = "thingsliked" type = "checkbox" value = "Design" /></label>
<label>Links
<input name = "thingsliked" type = "checkbox" value = "Links" /></label>
<label>Ease of use
<input name = "thingsliked" type = "checkbox" value = "Ease" /></label>
<label>Images
<input name = "thingsliked" type = "checkbox" value = "Images" /></label>
<label>Source code
<input name = "thingsliked" type = "checkbox" value = "Code" /></label>
</p>
</form>

18. Example 5: Form including radio buttons and a drop-down list: form3
Example 5: Form including radio buttons and a drop-down list: form3.html

19. <label>Search engine <input name = "howtosite" type = "radio"
<strong>How did you get to our site?:</strong><br />
<label>Search engine
<input name = "howtosite" type = "radio"
value = "search engine" checked = "checked" /></label>
<label>Links from another site
<input name = "howtosite" type = "radio" value = "link" /></label>
<label>Deitel.com Web site
<input name = "howtosite" type = "radio" value = "deitel.com" /></label>
<label>Reference in a book
<input name = "howtosite" type = "radio" value = "book" /></label>
<label>Other
<input name = "howtosite" type = "radio" value = "other" /></label>

20. <select name = "rating">
<label>Rate our site:
<select name = "rating">
<option selected = "selected">Amazing</option>
<option>10</option>
<option>9</option>
<option>8</option>
<option>7</option>
<option>6</option>
<option>5</option>
<option>4</option>
<option>3</option>
<option>2</option>
<option>1</option>
<option>Awful</option>
</select>
</label>

21. 4.6  Internal Linking
Enables the user to jump between locations in the same document
Use anchor attribute: href = #section name

22. Example 6: Internal hyperlinks: links.html
an internal link’s address is ‘#id’
<h1 id = "features">The Best Features of the Internet</h1>
<p><a href = "#bugs">Go to <em>Favorite Bugs</em></a></p>
<ul>
<li>You can meet people from countries around the world.</li>
<li>It is the technology of the future!</li>
</ul>
<h1 id = "bugs">My 3 Favorite Bugs</h1>
<p>
<a href = "#features">Go to <em>Favorite Features</em></a></p>
<ol>
<li>Fire Fly</li>
<li>Gal Ant</li>
<li>Roman Tic</li>
</ol>
id attribute creates an internal hyperlink destination

23. 4.7 meta Elements Specify information about a document Attributes
Description
name
name = “keywords”
name = “description”
Identifies the type of meta element
Provides search engines with a list of words that describe a page
Provides a description of a site
content
Provides the information search engine use to catalog pages

24. Example 7: meta tags provide keywords and a description: main.html
<meta> tags provide search engines with information used to catalog a site
<head>
<title>Internet and WWW How to Program - Welcome</title>
<meta name = "keywords" content = "Web page, design, XHTML, tutorial,
personal, help, index, form, contact, feedback, list, links, frame, deitel" />
<meta name = "description" content = "This Web site will help you learn the basics
of XHTML and Web page design through the use of interactive examples and
instruction." />
</head>

25. 4.8  frameset Element
Allow browser display more than one document simultaneously
Element: frameset
Sub-Element: frame
Specifies the documents that will be loaded
Attribute src: specifies URL of the page to display
Attributes
Description
cols
Specifies the frameset’s column layout
rows
Specifies the number of rows and the size of each row

27. <frameset cols = "110,*">
Example 8: XHTML frames document with navigation and content: index.html
frame elements specify which pages are loaded into a given frame
<frameset cols = "110,*">
<frame name = "leftframe" src = "nav.html" />
<frame name = "main" src = "main.html" />
<noframes>
<body>
<p>This page uses frames, but your browser
does not support them.</p>
<p>Please, <a href = "nav.html">follow this
link to browse our site without frames</a>.
</p>
</body>
</noframes>
</frameset>

28. 4.9   Nested framesets
framesets within framesets

29. Example 9: Framed web site with a nested frameset: index2.html
nested framesets are used to change the formatting and layout of the frameset
<frameset cols = "110,*">
<frame name = "leftframe" src = "nav.html" />
<frameset rows = "175,*">
<frame name = "picture" src = "picture.html" />
<frame name = "main" src = "main.html" />
</frameset>
<noframes>
<body>
<p>This page uses frames, but your browser
does not support them.</p>
</body>
</noframes>

30. 4.10 Web Resources www.vbxml.com/xhtml/articles/xhtml_tables