1. Cells
Chapter 2

2. The Cell (School Building)
Cell- The basic unit of function and structure in living things.
Cells come in many shapes and sizes.

11. Types of Cells Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Bacteria Animal Cells
Archeabacteria
Plant Cells
No nucleus
or Organelles
Has Nucleus
and Organelles

12. Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic cells are complex with lots of membrane bound organelles- all cells but bacteria
Prokaryotic cells- bacteria- simplistic, no membrane bound organelles, no membrane bound nucleus, DNA free floating

13. Types of Cells (Animal and Plant)

14. Cell Wall (Outer Gate)
Strong, rigid wall that protects the cell and gives it shape.
Plants, bacteria, fungi and some protists have Cell Walls.

17. Cell Membrane:(Outside walls, roof, foundation)
The outer covering of a cell.
Used for protection and support.
Controls what enters into the cell.

20. Cytoplasm
A gel-like substance found inside the cell.
Used to support the organelles.

22. Organelles
Structures within a cell with special functions.
There are many types of organelles, with different functions!

23. Nucleus (Main Office)
Regulates and controls all the activities within a cell.
Contains chromosomes- Thick strands of DNA that do not leave the nucleus.

28. Chloroplast (Cafeteria)
Green organelle that makes sugar for plants.
Chloroplast is used in photosynthesis.
Contain chlorophyll- Green pigment that captures the sun’s light.
Plants contain chloroplast.

31. Mitochondria:(Generator)
Rod-shaped organelle that provides energy for the cell.
The POWERHOUSE of the cell!

34. Ribosomes (Students)
Tiny organelles that are used to make proteins.
Some float throughout the cytoplasm, some are stuck to other organelles.

37. Vacuoles: (Lockers)
Organelles that are used for storage.
Vacuoles store food, water and waste.

40. Lysosomes:(Custodians)
Small round organelles that contain digestive chemicals.
Used to break down food, waste and dying organelles.

43. Golgi body (packaging center or mailroom) Receives proteins and other materials then packs them together for transport.

45. Golgi Body

46. Golgi Body

47. Endoplasmic reticulum: (hallways)
Passageways that carry the proteins and other materials around the cell.
Two types – Rough – due to ribosomes
Smooth

50. Chloroplast Nucleus Mitochondria Ribosomes Lysosomes Vacuoles
Organelles
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Vacuoles

51. Difference between plant & animals cells
Animal cells:
Only cell membrane
Plant Cells:
Cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall made of cellulose
Have chloroplasts
Large central vacuole

52. From Cell to Organism
Groups of cells combine to form tissues.
Groups of tissue combine to form organs.

53. Groups of organs combine to form organ systems.
From Cell to Organism
Groups of organs combine to form organ systems.
Groups of organ systems combine to form an organism.

59. Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems
Organisms