1. Forms of Energy

2. States of Energy
What is Energy? Energy is the ability to cause a change or do work
There are 2 states and 6 forms of energy

3. FORMS OF ENERGY
States of Energy (Divide pg. 13 in half-as shown below and copy EVERYTHING on pages 4 and 5 onto page 13. If you run out of room, make a flip page (again, divide it in half)
Potential Energy Kinetic Energy

4. Potential Energy PE = m∙g∙h
FORMS OF ENERGY
Potential Energy
PE is stored energy due to its vertical position or (molecular) arrangement
3 Types of Potential Energy
P.E. due to its position is known as gravitational potential energy
gpe depends on height and mass of object
Calculate gpe using formula:
(m=mass, g=gravity, h=height)
2. Chemical P.E. is energy stored in atoms of elements and compounds
3. The elastic potential energy an object has results from how much it is stretched or compressed.
Examples:
A cat in a tree. (gpe)
Food (chemical PE)
A stretched bow (elastic PE)
PE = m∙g∙h

5. Kinetic Energy Examples: KE = ½ mv2 Is the energy of motion
FORMS OF ENERGY
Is the energy of motion
KE depends on speed and mass of the object
Calculate KE using formula:
Examples:
A cat falling out of a tree
Heat given off when wood is burned (the molecules are moving fast)
Food digesting (the molecules in the food and the stomach acid are changing into different chemicals providing the energy our muscles need to move)
KE = ½ mv2

7. Copy the 6 boxes into notes using entire page
MR. C. NET
MECHANICAL
RADIANT
CHEMICAL
NUCLEAR
ELECTRICAL
THERMAL
Copy the 6 boxes into notes using entire page

8. MECHANICAL ENERGY
FORMS OF ENERGY
Mechanical Energy is the energy produced by moving objects (it’s the total energy of an object’s motion (KE) and position (PE) of an object). (KE + PE)
Sound energy is a type of mechanical energy; it’s produced by an object’s vibrations.
Examples: running, leaves
rustling, ball rolling, whistling

9. RADIANT (LIGHT) ENERGY
Radiant Energy is light energy given off in the form of waves and particles (called photons) (see it)
Most light energy is not visible to human eyes; radiant energy is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum. (see it)
The Sun is the Earth’s main source of radiant energy

10. Infrared radiation- produces heat in form of waves
How microwaves
work

11. Bonds break between compounds and release energy
CHEMICAL ENERGY
Chemical Energy is the energy produced when the bonds between atoms and molecules are broken and rearranged (during chemical reactions).
Examples: photosynthesis, digestion, battery (stored energy), coal (stored energy)
Bonds break between compounds and release energy

12. NUCLEAR ENERGY
FISSION (splitting of nuclei)
FUSION (joining of nuclei)
Nuclear Energy is the energy released from a nuclear reaction in the nucleus of an atom; the nucleus of an atom can break apart (fission) or nuclei can join together with others (fusion).
Examples: atomic bomb (fission), formation of a Star (fusion)

13. ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Electrical Energy is the energy produced by moving electrons. Electrons are negatively charged particles found in atoms.
For example: Toasters, TVs, Light bulbs all use electrical energy

14. THERMAL (HEAT) ENERGY
Thermal Energy is the energy produced by moving atoms and molecules; moving atoms create heat
Infrared waves, which are a part of the electromagnetic spectrum, also produce thermal energy.
For example: the sun, a fire, a stove top, or two objects rubbing together give off heat energy see it

15. ENERGY TRANSFORMATION/ CONVERSION NOTES
FORMS OF ENERGY
ENERGY TRANSFORMATION/ CONVERSION NOTES
When work is done on an object, energy is transferred (passed on) to the object.
For example: when kicking a ball, the energy transfers from your foot to the ball.
ENERGY CONVERSIONS -when energy changes from one form or state to another.
Energy can change states (PE  KE); this is an energy conversion
Energy can change from PE to KE to PE again and vice versa.
For example: a roller coaster ride, a yo-yo or a skier
Energy can change forms, too; this is called an energy conversion
For example: a battery changes chemical energy into electrical energy
A flashlight changes electrical energy into radiant energy

16. What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
It states that energy in a system can be converted from one form to another or from one object to another, but the total amount of energy stays the same; the energy in a system is neither created nor destroyed.
A system is set of connected (interrelated) things or parts forming a complex whole.

17. What is a “Law”, scientifically speaking?
Observations
Hypothesis
Experiments
Theory
A law is a statement which explains some kind of regularity of nature. Theories might help to explain the cause(s) of a law’s regularity.
Law

19. A scientific law represents a hypothesis (or group of related hypotheses) which has been confirmed through repeated testing, almost always conducted over a span of many years. Generally, a law uses a handful of fundamental concepts and equations to define the rules governing a set of phenomena.