1. Student Number: 3363214 BDC332 practical faculty November 2018
Cambodia
Student Number:
BDC332 practical
faculty
November 2018
Please use this template to answer your Practical Exam Question. Ensure you have YOUR STUDENT NUMBER on the Title Page and this PowerPoint file is renamed to reflect your student number and the country you analysed. The completed PowerPoint needs to be put onto a computer and you attach your name to the computer. The data includes that downloaded from IUCN Red Data List, DIVA GIS, WWF Ecoregions, Protected Planet, and ESRI. You may add images but please credit/attribute them using an in-text numbering system and a reference list on the final page.
BCB/ESS
Kingdom of Cambodia

2. Introduction location
Figure 1: A map showing the country of Cambodia and its’ surrounding countries as well the major cities.
Prepare a location map using your GIS with a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a figure caption. Your map should include neighbouring countries and their Capital cities. please include an overview map.

3. Biodiversity description andthreats
ASSETS OF CAMBODIA
Home to some of the largets areas of deciduous and evergreen forests remaining in Southeast Asia.
Extremely rare or endangered animals in the world are in reasonal numbers in the country of Cambodia such as:
Panthera trigirs
Panthera pardus
Bos sauveli
Cervus eldi
Introduction
Biodiversity Description: In summarized point form describe the country's biodiversity capital (assets) and threats to its biodiversity conservation. YOU MAY USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO EXPLAIN THIS SECTION.

4. Biodiversity description andthreats
THREATS TO CAMBODIA’S BIODIVERSITY
Habitat loss and destruction
Over-exploitation such as illegal hunting, over-fishing and over-collecting
Global climate change
Pollution and contamination
Introduction
Biodiversity Description: In summarized point form describe the country's biodiversity capital (assets) and threats to its biodiversity conservation. YOU MAY USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO EXPLAIN THIS SECTION.

5. CURRENT PROTECTED AREAS
Figure 1: Protected areas within the country of Cambodia shows that very little land of the country is protected. Most protected areas are in small fragments.
Methods
Prepare a map of the current Protected Areas Network. The prepared map should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

6. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 2: Conservation target Chiromantis samkosensis distribution in Cambodia. This species is mainly found in the south-western side of the country. A species penalty factor of 30% was given
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

7. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 3: Conservation target Enhydris longicauda in Cambodia. This species is found in the south-esatern side of the country and borders into Vietnam. A species penalty factor of 25% was given
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

8. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 4: Conservation target Gerrulax ferrarius in Cambodia. A species penalty factor of 40% was given.
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

9. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 5: Distribution of conservation target Hylarana faber in central Cambodia. A species penalty factor of 35% was given
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

10. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 6: Distribution of conservation target Leptolalx melicus in Cambodia. This species has a smel distribution and is found in the western region of Cambodia. A species penalty factor of 65% was given
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

11. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 7: Distribution of conservation target Megophrys auralensis.
This species occupies the north of Cambodia and borders Loas and Vietnam. A species penalty factor of 40% was given.
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

12. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 8: Distribution of conservation
target Megophrys damrei in Cambodia.
This species is found in the south west of the country. A species penalty factor of 45% was given
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

13. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 9: Distribution of conservation target Orphryophyne synoria in Cambodia. It is found in the western central of the country. A species penalty factor of 50% was given.
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

14. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 10: Distribution of conservation target Orthomotus chatomuk in Cambodia.
It is found in the south-western region of the country. A species penalty factor of 65% was given.
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

15. CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors
Figure 11: distribution of conservation target Philautus cardomous in Cambodia. A very small distribution found in the south of the country. A species penalty factor of 85% was given.
Methods
Prepare a map of Conservation Targets: Identify at least TEN potential conservation targets that are suitable for a national conservation plan for your selected country in the context of their contribution to a global biodiversity conservation strategy. Targets need to be prepared as individual Boolean RASTER distribution maps. Please provide Species Penalty Factors for each Target. YOU WILL USE SEVERAL SLIDES TO SHOW these Conservation Targets. The folder contains zipped files that you select from or you can go to the IUCN Red data website to get other data ( ).
The prepared maps should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

16. CONSERVATION planning units (ecological)
Figure 12: Ecological planning unit of Cambodia
To prepare the ecological planning unit fro Cambodia, ARC View was used. The prorgam was opend and adm0 was added as a theme. File extensions wee opened and repeating shapes/hexagons were selected. A value of 0.03 was inserted. The file was then saved and imported into IDRISI32 .
Methods
Prepare maps representing BOTH SYSTEMATIC and ECOLOGICAL PLANNING UNITS. You should prepare ONE slide for each type of Planning Units and explain how you prepared the Planning Units. The prepared map(s) should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS

17. CONSERVATION planning units (Systematic)
Methods
Prepare maps representing BOTH SYSTEMATIC and ECOLOGICAL PLANNING UNITS. You should prepare ONE slide for each type of Planning Units and explain how you prepared the Planning Units. The prepared map(s) should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

18. CONSERVATION planning tenure Evaluating Protected areas
Methods
Prepare a Conservation Planning Tenures Map to ASSESS the efficiency of the EXISTING Protected Area Network: This needs to be prepared as a SINGLE ANNOTATED map which should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

19. CONSERVATION planning Explaining Marxan
Methods
Prepare a Conservation Planning Tenures Map to ASSESS the complement (what needs to be added) to the EXISTING Protected Area Network: This needs to be prepared as a SINGLE ANNOTATED map which should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

20. Systematic CONSERVATION planning Explaining Marxan
Determining where to focus conservation efforts and further research
Prioritising areas for and acquisition by trusts and conservancies
Critiquing an existing proposal or existing reserve network
As a research tool to investigate conservation planning questions from an applied and theoretical perspective.
As a research tool to investigate conservation planning questions from an applied and theoretical perspective.
As “proof of concept” to demonstrate the feasibilty of a sytematic approach to conservation planning and
Methods
Providing a means for diverse stakeholder groups to develop proposals that represent their own interests at a planning table
Investigating the scope and scale of possible designs for effective broad-scale networks in advance of multi-stakeholder
Marxan Core Concepts
Use this slide and simple drawings or flow diagrams to explain the core concepts of MARXAN. You should not use the IDRISI dialogue boxes. Ensure you use proper annotation and include a descriptive caption.

21. Systematic CONSERVATION planning Explaining Marxan
Marxan input output
Planning unit layer: hexagon of country
Add raster group of your conservation target
Select target percentage
Penalty factor (spf): 10
Auto fill spec.type
Enable planning unit layer (tenure + transformed layer)
Boundary length file enabled
Output prefix is marxan conservation %
Click Continue
Methods
In summarized point form describe the parameter options you should select for the final RUN of the MARXAN analysis. You may use dialogue boxes to explain this section. (You do not need to run MARXAN as it would take too long to do the runs).

22. Systematic CONSERVATION planning Explaining Marxan
Marxan parameters
Boundary length modifier: 2
Repeat runs: 1000
Species missing if proportion of target lower than: 0.95
Run mode: Apply simulated annealing followed by iterative improvement
Annealing controls
Number of iterations:
Temperature decreases: 1000
Iterative improvement type: normal iterative improvement
Cost threshold
Threshold Enabled
Threshold: 1600
Penalty factor A: 9
Penalty factor B: 2
Starting proportion is 0
RUN MARXAN
Methods
In summarized point form describe the parameter options you should select for the final RUN of the MARXAN analysis. You may use dialogue boxes to explain this section. (You do not need to run MARXAN as it would take too long to do the runs).

23. Expected Results Systematic CONSERVATION planning
Explain using Diagrams the results you would expect to obtain from MARXAN. They do not need to be the actual results rather the form of the MARXAN outputs you would expect. You may use more than one slide to prepare this section.

24. Sources of data, attribution and acknowledgements
References
Ensure you provide full credit to source of information, Programs used, and referencing/attribution of referenced material. You may use more than one slide to prepared this section.