1. Many to one/one to many Types of multiplexing Telephone system
Chapter 8 Multiplexing
Many to one/one to many
Types of multiplexing
Telephone system

2. Multiplexing vs. No Multiplexing

3. Multiplexing Synchronous Asynchronous Frequency -Division
Multiplexing (FDM)
Time-Division
Multiplexing(TDM)
Synchronous
Asynchronous

4. FDM

5. FDM, Time Domain

6. Multiplexing, Frequency Domain

7. Demultiplexing, Time Domain

8. Demultiplexing, Frequency Domain

9. TDM

10. Synchronous TDM
Allocates exactly the same time slot to each device at all times, whether or not a device has anything to transmit.

11. TDM, Multiplexing

12. TDM, Demultiplexing

13. Framing Bits

14. Data Rate
Bit Stuffing: Add extra bits to a stream of data such that the devices data rates are integer multiple of each other.

15. Asynchronous TDM
(Statistical TDM)

16. Frames and Addresses
a. Only three lines sending data

17. Frames and Addresses
Asynchronous TDM supports the same number of input lines with a lower capacity link.
The total speed of the input lines can exceed the capacity of the path.

18. b. Only four lines sending data

19. Frames and Addresses
c. All five lines sending data

20. Multiplexing and Inverse Multiplexing

21. Telephone Network

22. services
Analog services
Digital services

23. Analog services
Switched
Leased

24. Analog Switched Service
(PSTN

25. Analog Leased Service

26. Analog Hierarchy

27. Digital services
Switched/56
DDS DS

28. Why Digital?
Less sensitive to noise.
Inexpensive.
Better quality.

29. Switched/56 Service
Digital Service Unit (DSU): Changes the data rate to 56 Kbps and encodes it into the format used by the service provider.
Support bandwidth on demand.

30. Digital Data Service (DDS)
The digital version of the analog leased line.
Subscriber can choose among 5 data rates: 2.4, 4.8, 9.6,19.2, or 56 Kbps.

31. Digital Signal Service (DS) Hierarchy`

32. T Lines
DS-1, DS-2, … are services, T lines are the lines for transmission digital data, voice, etc.
Service
Line
Rate (Mbps)
Voice Channels
DS-1
T-1
1.544 24
DS-2
T-2
6.312 96
DS-3
T-3
44.736
672
DS-4
T-4
4032

33. T-1 Line

34. T-1 Frame

35. Fractional T-1 Line

36. E Lines European version of T lines. Line Rate (Mbps) Voice Channels
2.048 30
E-2
8.448
120
E-3
34.368
480
E-4
1920