1. The Enlightenment and the American Revolution

2. This is what you need to know…
C.S.S Describe the Enlightenment and the rise of democratic ideas and how they influenced the founding of the US Read about the Enlightenment on pages

3. What were the key concepts of the Enlightenment?
Consent of the governed
“We the people”
Natural Rights
Life, liberty, property, pursuit….
Purpose of government Protect our natural rights
Elected representatives
Right to overthrow tyrannical government
Legal Equality

4. Other Influences on colonists: Magna Carta 1215
Habeas Corpus
Due process
Right to a speedy trial
Jury trial
Right of property owners to be consulted about taxes
Refutation of divine rights

5. English Bill of Rights 1689
Included all of the Magna Carta rights and more.
Presumption of innocence
No standing army during peace time
Freedom of travel
Guarantee of regular legislative sessions

6. Declaration of Independence Activities
Complete the matrix activity
Complete the rewrite activity.
Objectives:
Explain the purpose of the Declaration
Summarize its main ideas
What Enlightenment principles doe it embody?

7. American Revolution inspired by Enlightenment principles.
All of the following rights developed over the centuries were denied to the colonists who were British citizens.
Taxation with representation
Denial of jury trial
Writs of Assistance
Quartering Act
Standing Army during peacetime
Intolerable Acts
Restricted travel & trade
Disallowed regular legislative sessions

8. Proclamation of 1763 Following the French and Indian War
British forbade settlement west of the original colonies.

9. Sugar and Stamp Acts 1764 & 1765
Taxes were used to pay the debt incurred for the French Indian War.
What justification did the British have to be upset?

10. Boston Massacre 1770
Sons of Liberty organize a protest against the British.
Shots fired!
Paul Revere and Samuel Adams exaggerated what occurred for propaganda.

11. Intolerable Acts Quartering Act
Suspending colonial legislature in Boston
Closing Boston harbor
Quebec Act

12. Intolerable Acts Closing Boston port Quebec Act Quartering Act
Suspending Boston legislature
Closing Boston Port

13. Olive Branch Petition 7-1775
The Olive Branch Petition was a last ditch effort to reconcile differences with British before declaring independence.
King ignored it

14. Common Sense Thomas Paine Sold 500,000 copies in 1776
Attacked King George II as a tyrannical brute.
Gave a list of reasons why the colonies were better off without Britain.
Felt all the advantages of union went to Britain

15. How did the British violate colonial rights?
Declaration of Independence gives detailed account of their specific grievances.
Your job is show how each of these events violated the colonists’ rights

16. Articles of Confederation
Government was too weak
Tax
Couldn’t pay back loans and
9/13 to pass a law
Difficult to pass laws
Unanimity
Almost impossible to change laws
No nat’l court to enforce laws passed by legislature
No nat’l judiciary

17. Constitutional Convention
Purpose was to revise AOC
Key to success at Convention was compromise
Small vs. large states
US House of Reps
US Senate
States feared strong tyrannical central government
Federalism
SOP
C/B
Slavery
3/5 compromise
How to protect individual liberties?
BOR
Many more compromises

18. Problems fixed by US Constitution
Proportional representation – Great Compromise
Equality of state representation – Great Compromise
Ability to foresee future problems – elastic clause & amendment process
Protection of people’s liberties – Bill of Rights
Disagreement over slavery – 3/5 Compromise
Social contract theory, consent of the governed - We the people
Direct democracy – vote for House & Senate

19. Key principles of the Enlightenment in US government include:
Republic
Consent of the governed
Federalism
Separation of Powers
Checks/Balances
House/Senate
Tolerance
Bill of Rights
Rights of the Accused
Purpose of government
Patents/Copyrights
Freedom of Religion
Direct Democracy (House elections)