1. What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form?
Chemistry

2. What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form?
Day 1 Introduction

3. Stability in Bonding Notes
Why do chemical bonds form?
Stability in Bonding Notes
A. Some elements combine chemically and no longer have the same properties they did before forming the compound.

4. Why do chemical bonds form?
B. A chemical formula is composed of symbols and subscripts indicating the number of atoms of an element in a compound.
Ex. H2O

5. Why do chemical bonds form?
Compounds
C. Atoms form compounds when the compound is more stable than the separate atoms

6. Why do chemical bonds form?
Compounds
Noble gases are more chemically stable b/c they have a complete outer energy level.
Stable elements have 8 electrons in their outer energy level.

7. Why do chemical bonds form?
What is a bond?
Elements that do not have a full outer energy level are more stable in compounds.
They lose, gain, or share electrons to get a stable outer energy level
A chemical bond is the force that holds atoms together.

8. What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form?
Day 2 Daily

9. Copper chloride + Water
How are ionic and covalent bonds different?
Let’s reflect on yesterdays lab:
Baking soda + Vinegar
NaHCO3 + HC2H3O2 --> H2O + CO2 + NaC2H3O2
Copper chloride + Water
CuCl2 + H2O --> ______________
Why is the first one a chemical reaction???

10. What is an Ion? How are ionic and covalent bonds different?
A charged particle that has more or less electrons than protons.
If an atom loses an electron -- POSITIVE ION
If an atom gains an electron -- NEGATIVE ION
Superscripts indicate these changes (O2-)
Ex:
Potassium loses an electron so the ion is K1+
Iodine gains an electron so ion the is I1-

11. Ions combine in Ionic Bonds
How are ionic and covalent bonds different?
Ions combine in Ionic Bonds
When ions bond together, they form compounds.
The result of the ionic bond is a neutral compound. (no charge)
Usually formed by bonding of metals and nonmetals

12. Ionic Bond Example MgCl2 Mg loses 2 electrons (Mg2+)
How are ionic and covalent bonds different?
Ionic Bond Example
MgCl2
Mg loses 2 electrons (Mg2+)
Cl gains 1 electron (Cl1-)
Draw MgCl2

13. How are ionic and covalent bonds different?
Molecules are neutral particles formed when electrons are shared.
Single bond - 2 shared electrons (H2O)
Multiple bond - 4 or 6 electrons shared (N2)
Formed by nonmetals and nonmetals

14. How are ionic and covalent bonds different?
Dot Diagrams
H2O
NaCl

15. What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form?
Day 3 Daily

16. Why do chemical equations need balancing?
EQ: How do you balance a chemical equation?
Why do chemical equations need balancing?
Make H2O using the atoms from the kit. Yellow is hydrogen and red is oxygen.
Make an H2 and an O2.
Does H2 + O2 = H2O? Explain
Make a balanced equation using the model….extra points for the group that gets it first.

17. What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form?
Day 4 Daily

18. Parts of a Chemical Equation
How do you balance chemical equations?
Parts of a Chemical Equation
Cl2 + 2 NaBr → Br2 + 2 NaCl
Chemical Symbols - Represent the elements involved
Chemical Formulas - Represent the compounds involved.
Subscripts - Identify the number of atoms of each element in a chemical formula or symbol.
Reactants - Present before the reaction
Products - Produced in the reaction
Coefficients - the numbers in front of the chemical formulas or symbols that are used to balance the equation.
Arrow - means “yields”, “produces”, or “react to produce”

19. What factors determine the types of chemical bonds that form?
Day 5 Daily

20. Balance and Reaction Type
What information can you obtain from a chemical equation?
Balance and Reaction Type
__ Na + __ Cl2 → __ NaCl
__ NaCl → __ Na + __ Cl2
__ HCl + __ NaOH → __ HOH + __ NaCl
__ Cl2 + __ NaBr → __ Br2 + __ NaCl
__ C2H6 + __ O2 → __ CO2 + __ H2O

21. Balance and Identify the following Chemical Reactions
What information can you obtain from a chemical equation?
Balance and Identify the following Chemical Reactions
2 Na + Cl2 → 2 NaCl
2 NaCl → 2 Na + Cl2
HCl + NaOH → HOH + NaCl
Cl2 + 2 NaBr → Br2 + 2 NaCl
2 C2H6 + 7 O2 → 4 CO2 + 6 H2O

22. Law of Conservation of Mass
What information can you obtain from a chemical equation?
Law of Conservation of Mass
Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction!
The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products

23. Decomposition Reaction
How do you identify the type of chemical reaction?
Decomposition Reaction
aka “The Don Massey - ‘I think it is time I should be moving on’” reaction / The Break up Reaction
The Opposite of a Synthesis Reaction
AB → A + B
compound → 2 elements or compounds
H2O → H2 + O2
NaOH → Na2O + H2O
NaClO3 → O2 + NaCl

24. How do you identify the type of chemical reaction?
Synthesis Reaction
aka “The Don Massey - ‘I think you & I should start dating’” reaction / The Dating Reaction
A + B → AB
2 elements or compounds → compound
H2 + O2 → H2O

25. Single Displacement Reaction
How do you identify the type of chemical reaction?
Single Displacement Reaction
aka “The Don Massey - ‘I’m gonna sweet talk you out of dating your boyfriend’” reaction
A+ BC → B + AC
A + BC → C + BA
An element replaces an element in a compound
Zn + 2 HCl → H2 + ZnCl2
F2 + 2 HCl → Cl2 + 2 HF

26. How do you identify the type of chemical reaction?
Combustion Reaction
aka “The Don Massey - ‘I’m gonna light your world on fire’” reaction
C?H? + O2 → CO2 + H2O
An organic substance + O2 → CO2 + H2O
C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

27. Double Displacement Reaction
How do you identify the type of chemical reaction?
Double Displacement Reaction
aka “The Don Massey ‘I’ve got to make happy all the ladies in this room.’” reaction
AB + CD → CB + AD
2 compounds → 2 Compounds
K2CrO4 + Pb(NO3)2 → 2 KNO3 + PbCrO4