1. The Return of Sectionalism and the Rise of Andrew Jackson
Unit 4, Lesson 4

2. Essential Idea
Sectionalism returned as the country expanded and evolved and when Andrew Jackson rose to power.

3. Era of Good Feelings? Misnomer?
Even during the “Era of Good Feelings,” signs of sectionalism arose
Sectionalism- growing separation and tension between the North and South (and West)

4. North vs. South: Federal Power
Issue #1:
Federal Power
North’s View:
Strong federal government, weak state governments
South’s View:
Weak federal government, strong state governments
Why Sectionalism Increased:
John Marshall’s rulings strengthened federal power over states
The South feared a strong federal government threatened slavery

5. North vs. South: Vision for Country
Issue #2:
Vision for Country
North’s View:
Economy based on manufacturing and commerce
South’s View:
Economy based on agrarianism—especially slavery-based cotton

6. North vs. South: American System
Why Sectionalism Increased:
Federal policies, like the American System, favored manufacturing and commerce
The South and West did not trust the BUS
The South hated protective tariffs and had fewer internal improvements

7. North vs. South: Westward Expansion
Issue #3:
Westward Expansion
North’s View:
Did not want slavery to expand westward
South’s View:
Wanted slavery to expand westward
Why Sectionalism Increased:
North and South disagreed on future of slavery in America
Imbalance between free and slave states would allow one side to dominate in Congress

8. The Missouri Compromise (1820)
Conflict:
Missouri wanted to be admitted as a slave state, which would upset the balance
Tension rose because this would upset the free/slave state balance in Congress
Compromise:
Missouri Compromise
Proposed by Henry Clay, the “Great Compromiser”

9. The Missouri Compromise (1820)
Terms:
Part 1:
Missouri admitted as a slave state, Maine admitted as a free state
Effect:
Free and slave states stayed equal in number
Part 2:
36’30⁰ Line- divided the rest of the Louisiana Territory
Future states above the line would be free
Future states below the line would be slave
Issue of slavery in the West temporarily settled, easing tension
Missouri Compromise

11. Election of 1824 Major Candidates in 1824:
Andrew Jackson- “Old Hickory,” the war hero
Andrew Jackson
John Quincy Adams- son of ex-president John Adams
Henry Clay- “Great Compromiser,” developer of the American System

12. The Election Hits a Snag
Initial Results:
Jackson won the most electoral votes, but no one won the MAJORITY
The election was decided in the House of Representatives

13. The “Corrupt Bargain” The “Corrupt Bargain:”
In the House, Clay gave his votes to Adams, who became president
Adams made Clay his secretary of state
Jackson was furious and called it a “corrupt bargain”

14. Political Parties Return
The Democratic-Republican party split
The two-party system and political tension returned
New Party:
Democrats
Supported:
Andrew Jackson
Location of Supporters:
South and West
Government Power:
Weak federal, strong states

15. Political Parties Return
New Party:
Whigs
Supported:
Henry Clay, John Quincy Adams
Location of Supporters:
North
Government Power:
Strong federal, weak states

16. Universal White Male Suffrage
From 1824 to 1828, many states dropped their property requirements for voting
Consequences:
Universal White Male Suffrage- white men, even poor (“common”), could vote
This gave the “common man” more influence in elections
The common man loved Andrew Jackson

18. Election of 1828 Candidates in 1828: Democrats- Andrew Jackson
Whigs- John Quincy Adams
Impact of Universal White Male Suffrage:
Jackson got more votes than in 1824 because he appealed to the common man, who could now vote
Candidates had to campaign for the first time to attract votes from the common man
Mudslinging- candidates used negative criticism of each other to attract votes

19. Election of 1828 Results: Jackson won easily
Sectionalism returned to politics
Jackson’s election helped usher in the “Era of the Common Man”