1. Author names: Rusen Gabriela-Mihaela
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest
Faculty of Horticulture
International Student Symposium “Hortus Academicus”
March 29, 2019, Bucharest, Romania
THE MORPHOLOGICAL AGROBIOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOME GRAPE VARIETIES FOR WINE INTENDEND TO OBTAINING QUALITY WINES
Author names: Rusen Gabriela-Mihaela
Coordinator Professor: Stroe Marinela
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

2. Introduction
The significant morphological variability of vine varieties originates in their genetic structure, and the different manifestation according to the area is an important part of the viticultural practice, becoming an intensely researched topic in recent times.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

3. The Pinot group together with two other varieties with which it is related, varieties that manifest intensely the phenomenon of heterophilia, regardless of the area in which they are grown, it is an example of genetic variability.
Pinot blanc
Pinot gris
Chardonnay
Gewuerztraminer
Pinot noir
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

4. Materials and Methods
Five varieties of Pinot noir, Pinot gris, Pinot blanc, Chardonnay, and Gewuerztraminer have been traced to the experience , taking it as a controlling Pinot noir variety.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

5. The varieties were followed throughout the phenological spectrum, appreciating the agrobiological and technological behavior, but the emphasis was on the manifestation of heterophilic phenomenon - the presence of the leaf on the same young shoot with different sectarian degrees of the blade, with the asymmetrical lateral sinuses and non-uniform as deep and the blade form.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

6. For this purpose the ampelometric method was used, which aims at expressing a morphological character with the help of values ​​measured on the adult leaf directly in the field (length of vein - N1, N2, N3, N4, the distances from the base of the upper /lower base petiole sinus, d1, d2, length-L, width-l), and the data interpretation was made using a frame drawing in Excel. The measurements were made on 3 hubs for each variety, taking 3 young shoots /hub of 10 adult leaves in the stage of flowering.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

7. International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, 2019 - Bucharest, Romania

8. The varieties were cut Guyot on the semitulpine with a load of 30 bud/vine
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

9. The experience was carried out in the wine year in the experimental field of U.A.S.V.M Bucharest.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

10. Results and discussions
Variety
Bud burst
Blooming
Veraison
Full maturity
Pinot noir
11 IV
15 V
18 VII
28 VIII
Pinot blanc
15 IV
19 V
20 VII
3 IX
Pinot gris
14 IV
18 V
19 VII
2 IX
Chardonnay
13 IV
17 V
Gewuerztraminer
4 IX
It can be noticed an earliness in the course of phenology, under the influence of climatic factors and agrotechnics applied.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

11. Variety
Total bud/
vine
Viability
Total shoot / hub
Fertile shoot / hub
Numbers of inflorescences / hub
The average weight of a grape
Average production on hub
Sugars
g/l
Pinot noir 28
78,57 22 18 96
1,48
315
Pinot blanc 32
68,75 17
120
2,04
297
Pinot gris 30
66,66 20
130
1,89
267
Chardonnay 75 21 78
1,63
263
Gewuerztraminer
71,87 23 19 62
1,43
247
From the point of view of agrobiological and technological behavior, starting from approximately the same bud load left on the hub, there are no significant differences between varieties, distinguishing the Pinot gris variety as the closest to the witness variety and Gewuerztraminer variety that is the most different.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

12. Adult leaf lobes in studied varieties
As a result of the ampelometric measurements, it is noted that the Pinot blanc variety resembles 100% Pinot Noir in terms of the three leaves and the most different is the Chardonnay variety (74.64%). As for the whole leaf, the Chardonnay variety is most similar to the witness (94.82%) and Pinot blanc (72.41%) is the most varied. Following the data for typology five, Pinot blanc resembles 81.08% with Pinot noir and Pinot gris 72.97% , being the variety that is the most removed from the control, having practically the highest sectarian degree, as evidenced by the higher number of septalobate leaves.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

13. The layout on young shoot of lobing degree
Ther arrangement on of the leaves on the length of the young shoots shows that the sected leaves are all along the Pinot gris variety, and in the case of the other varieties, they are found only in the middle and upper thirds of the young shoot.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

14. The leaf shape on the studied varieties
Following the leaf form, the Gewuerztraminer variety is closer to the Pinot noir variety for the kidney-shaped leaf, followed by Pinot gris and Pinot blanc, and the most different from this point of view is the Chardonnay variety. As for the elongated shaped (cordate and pentagonal), the Gewuerztraminer variety is the most similar to the witness, followed by the Pinot gris and Pinot blanc varieties, the most different variety from this point of view is the Chardonnay variety .
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

15. Conclusions and recommendations
Data on agrobiological and technological behavior reveals a very similar behavior among the varieties of this species, with no significant differences.
The phenomenon of heterophilia is more marked in the Pinot gris variety, manifesting even more pronounced than in the control variety demonstrating that, because it is a mutation of the Pinot noir variety, the loss of genetic information shows the phenotypic manifestation, in this case the sectarian degree of the blade.
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania

16. Thank you for your attention!
International Student Symposium "Hortus Academicus“ March 29, Bucharest, Romania