1. Warm-up
Answer the following question on the slip provided. DON’T TURN IT IN!! KEEP IT!! What is one similarity and one difference between the 5 Pillars of Islam and the 10 Commandments of Christianity/Judaism?

2. Eastern Mediterranean Chapter 22 Section 2
Southwest Asia Day 3
Eastern Mediterranean
Chapter 22 Section 2

3. Countries in the region:
--Syria
--Cyprus
--Lebanon --Israel
--Jordan

4. Religious History
3 major religions were all started in Southwest Asia: Judaism, Christianity, & Islam
All 3 claim Jerusalem (the Old City) as a holy city

5. Why is the area important to Jews?
Jews- Jerusalem is holiest city
Holiest site- Western Wall (Wailing Wall)
Temple Mount
Original temples destroyed
Only piece left is the Western Wall
Believe it’s the site where Abraham (Jewish forefather) prepared to sacrifice his son, Isaac, to God
No Jewish temple on site since 70 A.D.

6. Why do Christians cherish it?
Sacred location of the crucifixion of Jesus
Christians visit the holy places:
Mount of Olives
Church of the Holy Sepulchre
Christians visit Mount of Olives (Jesus ascended into heaven)
Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Sepulkurr) the site where Jesus was crucified (church was built over where the crosses were)
Muslims controlled area until WWI

7. Why is it important to Islam?
Dome of the Rock- spot where Muslims believe Muhammad rose to heaven
Located next to the Wailing Wall
Site of frequent clashes between Muslims & Jews because their holy sites are so close together
Islam claims Jerusalem as 3rd most holy city behind Mecca & Medina

8. What happened during WWI?
After WWI, France & Britain split up control of the region
Britain would get control of Palestine
Zionism- goal was the creation & support of a Jewish homeland in Palestine
Jewish people began buying land & settling
Region controlled by the Ottomans however they lost control since they were weak ( )
GB and France given control after WWI (since Ottoman Empire joined the Germans)

9. What happened to Israel?
After WW2, Jewish Holocaust survivors wanted a national homeland
Arabs & Jews couldn’t come to an agreement
May 14th, 1948 Israel was established
Surrounding Arab nations invaded Israel to prevent the establishment of the state; Jewish troops fought back
Many Palestinian Arabs & Christians flee their homes or are forced into refugee camps formed by the UN
The Gaza Strip & the West Bank (Palestinian land) is under Israeli control
Immediately, Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, & Yemen attacked.

10. 2003- Mahmoud Abbas becomes first Palestinian Prime Minister
What is the PLO?
Palestine Liberation Organization- formed in 1960s to regain land for Palestinian Arabs
Political & Military means used to take possession of Arab land in Israel and allow refugees to return to their homes
Hamas: Islamic resistance movement since 2007 has controlled Gaza strip Founded in 1987
2003- Mahmoud Abbas becomes first Palestinian Prime Minister