1. Functional Groups

2. Functional Groups
A specific arrangement of atoms in an organic compound that is capable of characteristic chemical rxns.
The symbol “R” represents any carbon chains or rings attached to the functional group.

4. Halogen Substituents
R-X (X=F, Cl, Br, I)
Example
CH3Cl Chloromethane

5. Addition reaction

6. Alcohol
R-OH
Example
CH3OH
Methanol (Methyl Alcohol)

7. Location of the hydroxyl group

8. Hydration reaction

9. Ethers
R-O-R
Example
CH3CH2OCH3
Ethylmethyl ether

10. Naming

11. Aldehydes
R – C – H O
- Example H – C – H
Methanal O

12. Ketones
R – C – R O
- Example CH3 – C – CH3
Propanone O

13. Naming

14. Carboxylic Acids O
R – C – OH
Example O
Methanoic acid H – C - OH

15. Dissociation of carboxylic acid

16. Naming

17. Esters O
R – C
O – R
Example O
Ethyl ethanoate CH3 – C – OCH2CH3

18. Formation of an ester

19. Naming

20. Hydrogenation reaction