1. Figure 3 Enrichment strategies for clinical trials
Figure 3 | Enrichment strategies for clinical trials. From the whole population of patients with the disease of interest (for example, hypertension), the investigators enrol a cohort of participants (Sample) that they hope are representative of the distribution of such patients in the broad population. Enrichment strategies to decrease the heterogeneity of the sample or to increase the representation of individuals with a high risk of events (prognostic enrichment), although facilitating the conduct of the trial, do not necessarily offer greater precision in matching a prospective treatment response to the clinical profile of the research participant. The predictive enrichment strategy utilizes both the characteristics of the trial participant and data either from experiments before the trial or from during the trial (adaptive design) to 'predict' who is likely to have a more robust response to the treatment(s) being tested.
Antman, E. M. & Loscalzo, J. (2016) Precision medicine in cardiology
Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio