1. www.le.ac.uk/environment Carbon Footprinting in Schools – Technical Overview Chrispal Anand & Emma Fieldhouse Estates & Facilities Management Division

2. Overview What is carbon management? Explore and define Scopes 1, 2 and 3 carbon emissions What drives carbon management? Explore ways of producing a schools carbon footprint

3. Learning objectives for today Challenge and explore definitions of carbon management Gain an overview of the three different scopes of carbon Understand and apply the principles of creating a carbon footprint for a school

4. What are the six main greenhouse gases?

5. Terminology – Greenhouse gases There are six main greenhouse gases (or groups of gases): Carbon Dioxide CO 2 Methane CH 4 Nitrous OxideN 2 O Sulphur hexafluorideSF 6 HydroflurocarbonsHFCs Perfluorocarbons PFCs

6. CO 2 e – Carbon Equivalence CO 2 e is used to describe how much global warming a given type and amount of greenhouse gas may cause, using the functionally equivalent amount or concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as the reference CO 2 e is expressed as parts per million by volume (PPMV)

7. Exploring Carbon Emissions in Schools

8. What are the carbon impacts of a school? Shout them out…

9. Creating a schools Carbon Footprint Which of the items on your list MUST be included when calculating the carbon footprint of a school? Discuss each item with your group Note down items that should be included (mark as yes) and those which should not (mark as no) You must also be able to justify your choices – why has x been included and y excluded? You have 15 minutes to discuss this and then report back to the group

10. Scope 1, 2 and 3 carbon emissions

11. Scope 1: DIRECT EMISSIONS: Gas burnt in engines or boilers Scope 2: INDIRECT EMISSIONS: Electricity Scope 3: INDIRECT EMISSIONS: –Those outside our direct control Waste Water Travel Procurement

12. Carbon Footprint of the University - 31,167 tonnes (04/05)

13. What must any organisation legally cover in its carbon footprint? Only Scope 1 (Direct) and Scope 2 (Indirect – electricity use) emissions are regulated and make up an organisations legal footprint

14. What drives carbon management? Legislation –UK/EU Law Economic drivers –Cost savings Reputation –CRC league table Environmental benefits –Lowered carbon emissions and thus climate change impacts –Helping to reduce local air quality problems

15. Climate Change - UK Legislation UK Climate Change Act (2008) is a world-leading piece of legislation 80% cut in carbon emissions by 2050 (originally 60% but pushed up to 80% by campaigners and a recommendation from Climate Change Committee) CRCEES – Carbon Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency Scheme Tax of the largest producers of carbon in the country – the University of Leicester is on the list (there are 2,100 organisations on the list)

16. Legislation EU - Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (2007) - key legislation governing the energy performance of publically-accessible buildings across Europe It incorporates two key legal requirements: –Display Energy Certificates –Energy Performance Certificates

17. Legislation Display Energy Certificates - ensure that all public buildings (originally over 1,000 m 3 but now over 250m 3 ) display an annual energy performance certificate in foyer of the building Based on 365 days of actual data

18. Legislation Energy Performance Certificates - all public buildings due for rental, sales or purchase to have an energy performance certificate produced Based on models of energy performance

19. What are the costs of carbon (UoL)? Cost ElementDetailCosts (2010/2011) UtilitiesElectricity£2,770,681 Gas£1,542,928 Oil£76,752 Steam£234,288 Other (Biofuel)£8399 TOTAL£4,633,048 LegislationCRCEES£317,814 EU ETS£8,085 Air Conditioning£4,035 DECs£4,806 EPCs£2,256 TOTAL£336,996

20. Carbon footprint process Step 1. Decide on the method to be followed Step 2. Define organisational and operational boundaries Step 3. Collate the data Step 4. Apply emissions factor Step 5. Verify the results (optional) Step 6. Verify that you have taken action to reduce your emissions (optional)

21. Carbon footprint – Step 1 Choose a method to calculate carbon footprint. Green House Gases (GHG) protocol / International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14064 / Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) Be consistent in the methodology You will use the DEFRA guidelines which are based on the GHG protocol

22. Carbon footprint – Step 2 Define organisation boundary – are there community activities in the school? Define operational scope –Identify all emissions related to the activities All scope 1 and 2 emissions MUST be included in the footprint You may choose what to include in scope 3 footprint Confirm with the school/college what your defined boundaries and scopes will be

23. Carbon footprint – Step 3 Collate consumption data for all the emissions associated with the identified activities. Examples of data and units –Gas and electricity – kilowatt hours (kWh) –Diesel, petrol, water, etc. – litres –Oil – litres/tonnes/kWh What if we cant find any standard data? –Mileage, fuel economy assumptions, apportion, etc.

24. Carbon footprint – Step 4 Carbon footprint is measured in tonnes of CO 2 equivalent (tCO 2 e) Use Emission Factors to arrive at tonnes of CO 2 equivalent –http://www.defra.gov.uk/publications/2012/05/30/pb13773-2012-ghg-conversion/http://www.defra.gov.uk/publications/2012/05/30/pb13773-2012-ghg-conversion/ –http://www.carbontrust.com/media/18223/ctl153_conversion_factors.pdfhttp://www.carbontrust.com/media/18223/ctl153_conversion_factors.pdf –http://www.hefce.ac.uk/media/hefce/content/pubs/2012/201201/12_01.pdfhttp://www.hefce.ac.uk/media/hefce/content/pubs/2012/201201/12_01.pdf –http://www.hefce.ac.uk/media/hefce/content/pubs/2012/201202/12_02.pdfhttp://www.hefce.ac.uk/media/hefce/content/pubs/2012/201202/12_02.pdf Please use the DEFRA conversion factors

25. Carbon footprint – Step 4 Using Emissions Factors – University Example During 2011, the University of Leicester used: 400 tonnes of gas oil to heat 5 buildings 240 tonnes of wood pellets to heat 2 buildings 21,822,507 kWh of gas to heat 10 buildings Generated 30,653 kWh of electricity via Photovoltaic in David Wilson Library and Engineering Concrete Lab Used 89,885 litres of water Consumed 31,513,067 kWh of electricity.

26. Carbon footprint – Step 5 & 6 Verification –Mandatory and voluntary verification –Its good practice to verify results Internal audit Independent third party audit

27. Here are the groups you will be working in Group NameTechnicalTeaching/Both A Quezia Keller ToeHoi Yan Yip (Jeanie)Oluwamodupe Ayeni (Dupsy) B Lucky Kabo SeberekoZhuang Yanghong (Jane)Alexandria Lyon C Abira KarunananthanYin Ting Li (Tracy)Cherish Nicholson D Alexandra ThornberLi XiaomeiShreyansh Patel E Madia MahmoodWeizhuang Liu (Leo)Mirembe Susan Musisi (Mem) F Hannah SwinbourneAndra Paun Helene Abekhzer G Ramkumar SPKelsyn Rhiannon Delaney Linnéa Theodora van der Aarde (Teddy)

28. Carbon footprint for Avenue Primary School

29. Return to todays learning objectives – did we achieve them? Challenge and explore definitions of carbon management Gain an overview of the three different scopes of carbon Understand and apply the principles of creating a carbon footprint for a school

30. www.le.ac.uk/environment Email carbon@le.ac.uk with any further queriescarbon@le.ac.uk