1. Appendix 1
Dodds & Whiles
©2010 Elsevier, Inc.

2. FIGURE A.1 & FIGURE A.2
A replicated field experiment using flow-through enclosures to estimate in situ growth rates of different species of
tadpoles in a Panamanian stream. (Photograph courtesy of Roberto Brenes).
An ordination plot (generated using nonmetric multidimensional scaling) showing differences in macroinvertebrates
associated with all dominant substrata types in the Cache River, Illinois, except for those on old and new rock weirs.
The other substrata are submerged wood (snags) and the ambient scoured clay streambed. Analysis of similarity
indicated that all assemblages except for those on old and new weirs were significantly different. (Data from Walther
and Whiles, 2008).
©2010 Elsevier, Inc.

3. FIGURE A.2
An ordination plot (generated using nonmetric multidimensional scaling) showing differences in macroinvertebrates
associated with all dominant substrata types in the Cache River, Illinois, except for those on old and new rock weirs.
The other substrata are submerged wood (snags) and the ambient scoured clay streambed. Analysis of similarity
indicated that all assemblages except for those on old and new weirs were significantly different. (Data from Walther
and Whiles, 2008).
©2010 Elsevier, Inc.