1. BRIFF 7 MUNUD Asesu Hunaniaeth Plant Assessment of Children’s Identity 7 MINUTE BRIEFING

2. 1. Asesu Hunaniaeth Plant 1. Assessment of Children’s Identity
Mae Archwiliadau Cenedlaethol o ymarfer yn dangos yn gyson bod asesu hunaniaeth plant yn wan ar draws Cymru ac, yn aml, nid yw’n canolbwyntio ar y plentyn unigol.
Mae asesiadau’n tueddu i drafod agweddau cul ar hunaniaeth yn unig, gyda nifer o ddisgrifiadau safonol a rhai’n cael eu hailadrodd rhwng brodyr a chwiorydd ac asesiadau.
National Audits of practice have consistently revealed that assessment of children’s identity is weak across Wales and often does not focus on the individual child.
Assessments tend to cover only narrowly defined aspects of identity with many descriptions standardised and replicated across siblings and assessments.

3. 2. Beth yw Hunaniaeth? 2. What is Identity?
Mae hunaniaeth yn cael ei ffurfio gan brofiadau allanol a hanes y teulu, diwylliant, crefydd a hil. Mae hunaniaeth yn cynnwys barn y plentyn amdano’i hun a’i allu, ei ddelwedd ohono’i hun a hunanhyder a bod ag ymdeimlad cadarnhaol o fod yn unigolyn.
Gall hil, crefydd, oedran, rhywedd, anabledd a statws ‘derbyn gofal’ gyfrannu at hyn. Hunaniaeth yw’r ymdeimlad o berthyn a chael eich derbyn gan y teulu, cyfoedion neu gymdeithas yn ehangach, gan gynnwys grwpiau diwylliannol eraill.
Identity is formed by outside experiences and family history, culture, religion and race. Identity includes the child’s view of self and abilities, self-image and self-esteem and having a positive sense of individuality.
Race, religion, age, sexuality, disability and ‘looked after’ status may contribute to this. Identity is a sense of belonging and acceptance by family, peer group and wider society, including other cultural groups

4. 3. Asesu Hunaniaeth 3. Assessing Identity
Dylai asesu hunaniaeth gynnwys siarad â phlant a gwrando arnynt a gofyn sut maen nhw’n eu gweld eu hunain. Mae’n ymwneud â gadael i blant adrodd eu stori ac ni ddylai ganolbwyntio ar agweddau negyddol yn unig.
Mae asesiadau da’n cynnwys dehongliadau’r plant o’u sefyllfa, yn eu geiriau eu hunain, a dylent ystyried teimladau o berthyn a chael eu derbyn.
Assessing identity should involve talking to and listening to children and asking them how they see themselves. It is allowing children to tell their story in their own way and should not just focus on negative aspects.
Good assessments include the children’s own interpretations of their situation, in their own words and should explore feelings of belonging and acceptance.

5. 4. Assesu Plant mewn Gofal 4. Assessing Children in Care
I blant mewn gofal sydd ddim yn byw gyda’u rhieni biolegol, gall fod yn anodd deall eu gorffennol. Efallai y bydd nifer o fylchau yn yr hyn maent yn ei wybod, a heb y wybodaeth hon, gall plant yn aml eu beio nhw’u hunain am gael eu rhoi mewn gofal.
Mae bod mewn gofal yn creu rhwystrau sy’n gallu ei gwneud yn fwy anodd i blant deimlo eu bod yn perthyn. Gall symud nifer o weithiau, byw gyda gwahanol ofalwyr ac, o bosib’, mewn gwahanol rannau o’r wlad ysgwyd ymdeimlad person ifanc o’u hunaniaeth a pherthyn.
For children in care or who are not living with their birth parents, understanding their past can be difficult. There may be lots of gaps in their knowledge, without this understanding children can often blame themselves for having been placed in care.
Being in care creates barriers that can make it harder for children to feel like they belong. Moving lots of times, living with different carers and possibly in different parts of the country can all shake a young person’s sense of identity and belonging.

6. 5. BETH YDYW? WHAT IT IS?
Mae CAFCASS (Bwrdd Pobl Ifanc Cyfiawnder i Deuluoedd) wedi cyhoeddi gwybodaeth ac awgrymiadau yn ddiweddar ar gyfathrebu gyda phobl ifanc o bob cefndir. Dyma’r 16 prif awgrym wrth ymarfer:
Bydd yn sensitif i fy nghefndir, i gefndir fy nheulu ac ystyria effaith hyn arnaf i.
Bydd yn ystyriol o wyliau a diwrnodau crefyddol wrth drefnu cyfarfodydd gyda fi neu blant a phobl ifanc eraill.
Gofynna i mi a dod i fy adnabod a siarada gyda mi nid drwof i.
CAFCASS (Family Justice Young People’s Board) have published information and tips on how to communicate with young people of all diversities. Here are 16 Top practice tips:
Be sensitive to my background, to my family’s background and consider the impact of this upon me.
Be considerate of religious festivals and days when arranging meetings with me or other children and young people.
Ask me, get to know me and speak to me not through me.

7. 6. Awgrymiadau ymarfer 6. Top Practice Tips
Dylai pob un sy’n gweithio ym maes cyfiawnder i deuluoedd gael hyfforddiant ar ddeall amrywiaeth.
Ni ddylai fy oed, anabledd, rhyw, hil, crefydd na thueddfryd rhywiol effeithio ar wneud penderfyniadau.
Dylet allu deall ac ymateb i fy anghenion penodol ac amrywiol.
Ysgrifenna bethau diddorol amdanaf i fel fy hobïau a fy hoff gerddoriaeth.
Gofynna i mi dynnu llun ohonof i neu roi disgrifiad i ddeall sut rydw i’n fy ngweld i fy hun.
Cyfathreba gyda mi mewn ffordd y gallaf i ei deall. Defnyddia offer ac adnoddau i helpu. Sicrha fy mod i’n gallu dy ddeall.
Bydd yn amyneddgar gyda mi. Rho ddigon o amser i mi ddeall a rhoi fy marn.
All people working in family justice should receive training in understanding diversity.
My age, disability, gender, race, religion, beliefs and sexual orientation should not prejudice the decision making.
Be able to identify and respond to my specific and diverse needs.
Write interesting things about me such as my hobbies and favourite music.
Ask me to draw or describe myself to understand how I identify myself.
Communicate with me in a way I can understand you. Use tools and resources to help. Check out that I can understand you.
Be patient with me. Give me enough time to understand and express my view.

8. 7. Awgrymiadau ymarfer 7. Top Practice tips
Paid â gadael i dy farn bersonol effeithio ar y ffordd rwyt ti’n fy ngweld i.
Paid â fy mychanu i oherwydd fy oedran.
Dysga amdanaf i. Fi ydi fi – rydw i’n unigryw.
Paid â disgwyl i mi fod yn gyfforddus y tro cyntaf i ni gyfarfod.
Bydd yn ystyriol o fy iechyd meddwl neu gorfforol.
Don’t allow your personal judgements to impact on what you think of me.
Do not underestimate me because of my age.
Get to know me. I am me – I am unique.
Don’t expect me to be comfortable the first time we meet.
Be mindful of my mental or physical health