1. By: Jody Prinsloo, Dana Kurd, Kale Storry.
Battle of Hong Kong
By: Jody Prinsloo, Dana Kurd, Kale Storry.

2. Causes of the battle
Causes - the battle of hong kong was initiated because of the Second sino japanese war. once the japanese attacked the pearl harbor in 1941, china joined the allies and declared war on japan.

3. Components of the battle
8 Dec 1941
The Japanese invaded the British colony of Hong Kong.The British and Canadian garrison at Hong Kong was outnumbered and beyond reach of any Allied help. After a couple of days the troops were forced to retreat back into the Island itself.
9 Dec 1941
Japanese troops breached a western area of the British Gin Drinker's Line, which stretched from the Gin Drinker's Bay in the west to the White Sands Bay in the east. This lead to 27 prisoners being captured.
10 Dec 1941
British troops withdrew onto Hong Kong island after the defensive Gin Drinker's Line collapsed.

4. Components of the battle (cont.)
11 Dec 1941
Japanese troops advanced to the south along the Kowloon Peninsula which is north of Hong Kong. Eventually the Japanese captured Stonecutter’s Island.
13 Dec 1941
The Chinese troops called for an offensive against the Japanese troops in Hong Kong. On the same day, the last British troops in Kowloon were evacuated onto Hong Kong island.
14 Dec 1941
The Japanese demanded the British troops to surrender but it was rejected.

5. Components of the battle (cont.)
15 Dec 1941
300 Japanese troops crossed the Lye Mun Channel onto Hong Kong island but the Allied defenders on the beach drove off the attack. On the same day, the Japanese artillery and aerial bombardment on the northern coast of Hong Kong island began.
16 Dec 1941
Japanese continued to bomb the northern shore of Hong Kong island.
17 Dec 1941
The Japanese artillery and aerial bombing on the northern coast of Hong Kong island, ceased as the Japanese saw the raising of a white flag from the defensive positions on the beaches. The Governor of Hong Kong Sir Mark Young again rejected the Japanese demand for surrender. Which lead to the bombing being

6. Components of the battle (cont.)
18 Dec 1941
3,500 Japanese troops crossed the Lye Mun Channel. Two hours later, right after the first 3,500 troops another force of 4,000 would follow. Japanese troops executed 20 Chinese prisoners of war, while 26 male medical personnel and 2 wounded soldiers were executed by beheading. The female medical personnel at the location were set free after being forced to witness the beheading.
19 Dec 1941
Japanese troops reached the Wong Nai Chung Gap in central Hong Kong island where they were held by Canadian and Chinese troops. Seven ships of the British Royal Navy, along with several merchant vessels, were scattered around the Hong Kong harbour to prevent Japanese capture.

7. Components of the battle (cont.)
20 Dec 1941
After holding off the Japanese troops at Wong Nai Chung Gap in central Hong Kong island for more than 30 hours. The Canadian and Chinese troops begin falling back after suffering heavy casualties. Out to sea, British motor torpedo boats were sunk in an attempt to stop Japanese landing operations.
21 Dec 1941
Canadian and Chinese troops withdrew from Wong Nai Chung Gap in Hong Kong island, which lead to order beginning to crumble as panic built up rapidly. On the same day, a Japanese aircraft sank a British river gunboat killing 1 and wounding 1.
23 Dec 1941
Allied troops in Hong Kong withdrew to the final line, at the Stanley Peninsula.

8. Components of the battle (cont.)
24 Dec 1941
Japanese troops penetrated the final Allied defensive line, at the Stanley Peninsula on Hong Kong island. At St. Stephen's College Emergency Hospital, 56 wounded soldiers, doctors, and nurses were bayoneted while a number of female civilians were raped. Near the coast a British destroyer was damaged by Japanese aircraft and was forced to go underwater to prevent sinking.
25 Dec 1941
British Governor of Hong Kong Sir Mark Young and Commander of British Forces in Hong Kong General Maltby ordered the surrender of the colony, which was signed after at the Japanese field headquarters at the Peninsula hotel by Young.

9. Consequences of the battle
The battling in Hong Kong finished with colossal Canadian losses: 290 murdered and 493 injured. The loss of life and hardship did not end with surrender.
Indeed, even before the fight had authoritatively finished, Canadians would bear extraordinary hardships on account of their Japanese captors. On December 24, the Japanese overran a temporary healing center in Hong Kong, ambushing and killing medical caretakers and bayoneting injured Canadian fighters in their beds. After the state surrendered, the mercilessness would proceed. For more than three and a half years, the Canadian POWs were detained in Hong Kong and Japan in the foulest of conditions and needed to bear fierce treatment and close starvation. In the grimy, primitive POW quarters in Northern Japan, they would regularly work 12 hours a day in mines or on the docks in the driving rain, subsisting on proportions of 800 calories a day. Numerous did not survive. On the whole, more than 550 of the 1,975 Canadians who cruised from Vancouver in October 1941 stayed away forever

10. Canada’s role in the battle
What was Canada’s role? - Canada's role in the battle of Hong Kong was to protect against japan in the battle. Canada set out to sea on October 27th to Hong Kong, the troops that Canada had were not trained to be battling in the front row.

11. Primary source analysis
* This is a political cartoon by an unknown Japanese author. ( So it is a little biased)
* Allied soldier is much smaller in comparison to the Japanese soldier, symbolizing the very unbalanced ratio of Japanese soldiers to Allied soldiers.
* You can see in the background, behind the Japanese soldier, the amount of resources, artillery, and airplanes meanwhile the Allied troop has nothing at all.

12. Primary source analysis (cont.)
* Behind the Allied troop you can see a numerous amount of swords dug into the ground which may symbolize the fact that the allied troops are surrounded and have no other options than to surrender.
* The allied troop is standing on a small continent labeled as “Hong Kong,” meanwhile the Japanese soldier is standing on a huge continent which also signifies the amount of power the Japanese had over the allies in the region.

13. Works Cited
Canadians in Hong Kong. Veterans Affairs Canada. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2016.
Battle of Hong Kong. The Canadian Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2016.
Government of Canada. Battle of Hong Kong. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2016.
The Fall of Hong Kong - History Learning Site. History Learning Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2016.
Battle of Hong Kong. WW2DB RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2016.
Japan Invades Hong Kong. History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 31 May 2016.
Home. Battle-of-hong-kong -. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2016.