1. Driving the Need for Internet+
Video-Over-IP
Driving the Need for Internet+
Prepared for: INGATE’S SIP TRUNK – UC SEMINARS: SIP Trunking, Video, Collaboration and More
ITEXPO Conference, Miami, February 2012
By: Karl Erik Ståhl
President Intertex Data AB
CEO and Chairman Ingate Systems AB
Also see:
Whitepaper (in progress)
Live Demo Presentation from ITEXPO SIP Trunking Summit Miami, February 2011!
© 2012 Intertex Data AB

2. More on the Internet+ Model
Thursday 2nd, 1:00 pm : Video-Over-IP,
Driving the Need for an Internet+
Friday 3rd, 9:00 am : BoF, Room A208
Birds-of-a-Feather , Session
Also see:
Internet+ Whitepaper (in progress)
Live Demo Presentation from ITEXPO SIP Trunking Summit Miami, February 2011!
© 2012 Intertex Data AB

3. Intertex & Ingate Same parent company
Intertex: SMB, SOHO and home SIP Firewalls and E-SBCs
For service provider volume deployment
Ingate: Enterprise and SMB SIP Firewalls and E-SBCs
SIParators® for enterprises and projects
Cooperation in management and development
Co-developed SIP code
Ingate represents Intertex in the US

4. Telepresence – Why not for Everyone?
It has been there for years - high end – high cost,
but you save airline tickets.
But telepresence has more or less rolled out there own wires
No global connectivity or at best via a certain conference bridge

5. Is it coming? The OVCC Initiative (by Polycom)!
A network just for Video Calling or the start of the common global UC network?
Key points:
A global quality IP network
Service Providers only charge their own customers
SIP is the standard
SIP addresses ( -like) and E.164 numbers 5

6. Yes, Telcos are Concerned About their Core Business!
Are Telcos just becoming bandwidth providers?
IP has just been used to replicate POTS Telephony
Where is the global Live IP Communication: Multimedia or UC?
The “Beyond POTS” islands are taking over:
at the Enterprise UC LAN
by Skype, Google Talk and the others
We can Go Beyond POTS and Beyond Skype Now!
Why not better and beyond?
Telcos can bring it together and offer better! 6

7. Provide Internet+ so we can get Telephony+
UC rich communication (not just AM radio quality Voice): Bring the islands (Enterprise UC LAN, Skype, Google Talk and others) together!
Deliver to the users: On LANs and with Smart Phones!
UC should be global, with quality and with phone numbers as well as SIP-addresses! 7

8. Internet has Shown the Success of a Cloud!
We need this for global UC:
With:
All you can do with SIP - UC
Full mobility
Numbers and SIP addresses
Quality up to Telepresence
Interoperability – Don’t GW, unless required
Delivery to the users
SIP Connect 1.1
Internet+
But got this (SDN/IMS):
(Wires on top of the cloud!? Wasn’t creating the cloud the success?)
MPLS
Internet
Session Delivery Network (SDN) = POTSoIP 8

9. It’s Not Even Good for FAXing
And Carriers Peer their Networks PSTN Style…
It is even destructive for the 160 years old Fax service*
And their billing is by voice minutes – Far away from any UC!
And where did the reliability, scalability and good performance of IP go?
* Mike Coffee, CEO of Commetrex: Work in progress by SIP Forum’s FoIP Task Group and the i3 Forum.
T.38 works fine in one hop!

10. Internet has Shown the Success of a Cloud!
We need this for global UC:
With:
All you can do with SIP - UC
Full mobility
Numbers and SIP addresses
Quality up to Telepresence
Interoperability – Don’t GW, unless required
Delivery to the users
SIP Connect 1.1
Internet+
But got this (SDN/IMS):
(Wires on top of the cloud!? Wasn’t creating the cloud the success?)
MPLS
Internet
Session Delivery Network (SDN) = POTSoIP 10

11. Provide Internet+ so we can get Telephony+
UC rich communication (not just AM radio quality Voice): Bring the islands (Enterprise UC LAN, Skype, Google Talk and others) together!
Deliver to the users: On LANs and with Smart Phones!
UC should be global, with quality and with phone numbers as well as SIP-addresses! 11

12. We Are (sometimes) Doing Better!
SoftSwitch/SBC
Overlay GW
PSTN
UC Voice Mail
Remote Users
Ingate/Intertex E-SBCs enable SIP based Live UC Across the Borders!
(SIP does not traverse ordinary NAT/Firewalls.)
IP-PBX
SIParator®
Data & VoIP LAN
Users and Services can be Everywhere: SIP must connect there!

13. SIP is Self Routing and E-SBCs Can Do it All
Deutsche Telecom
Internet
AT&T
Qwest
TeliaSonera Internet
MPLS
MPLS
QoS IP Network
QoS IP Network
MPLS
ENUM
CDR
CDR
SIParator
IX78

14. So, Don’t Just Feed SIP Into POTSoIP…
ONLY FOR POTS
SoftSwitch/SBC
Overlay GW
PSTN
UC Voice Mail
Remote Users
Follow standards so we don’t need gateways, here, there and everywhere!
IP-PBX
SIParator®
We do everything else successfully, flat over the Internet. Please let us have the same for all real-time communication also.
The Internet+ Thanks!
Data & VoIP LAN

15. Time for Something Better: Internet+
Learn from the success of the Internet:
Networks shall Not Be Application Specific!
The Internet+:
A non application-specific transport network: Just like the Internet!
It IS the Internet – just extended:
Delivery to the users, on LANs and to smart phones
Prioritization for real-time traffic - Just enable diffserv
Metering and charging of “beyond Internet usage”
Good for everyone:
The SDN is not needed,
- IP connects end-to-end
- SIP is a self-routing
also for the Telcos:
Provide something better,
- and users will pay for it..
 Bill the better!

16. Time for Something Better: Internet+
Learn from the success of the Internet:
Networks shall Not Be Application Specific!
The Internet+:
A non application-specific transport network: Just like the Internet!
It IS the Internet – just extended:
Delivery to the users, on LANs and to smart phones
Prioritization for real time traffic - Just enable diffserv
Metering and charging of “beyond Internet usage”
Good for everyone:
The SDN is not needed,
- IP connects end-to-end
- SIP is a self-routing
Enable the new services, interoperability and the standard we need and want!
At the same time:
New Telco revenue
Vast Telco infrastructure savings
How to do?
Easier than believed!
also for the Telcos:
Provide something better,
- and usrs will pay for it..
 Bill the better!

17. It Should be of Utmost Interest for the Telcos
Telephony Income (highly charged)
Low Charged
Internet Bandwidth
Quality Bandwidth
New Income
Data
RTC
Telephony+
Internet+ Economy
Skype etc.
Internet and Telephony Economy
Bandwidth Usage
For real-time usage, we need an Internet pipe with prioritization enabled - not just for telepresence quality, but also for 2G, 3G and 4G mobile real-time usage with smart phones
Has to be charged separately. If not, it would be used for everything and we are back at all usage being at the same quality level.
And we don’t want our smart phone batteries drained
And we want to use both phone number and addresses – not the many island. 17

18. Internet+ Model PKI The Internet with Quality Enabled
ENUM
DNS
EMS
TR-069
SIP Connect 1.1
PKI
The Internet with Quality Enabled
Global IP Transport Network
All SIP Routed Everywhere (Not Gatewayed! Via SIP Proxies – Not B2BUAs)
The TOQrouter – Trust, Openness, Quality – is a routing SIP proxy, a billing meter, and with built in SBC.

19. Quality and Numbers are Important
Some basics around IP QoS and why better Internet QoS cannot be for free:
A. On the Internet we have Transport layer (4) QoS. The endpoint smartness of TCP makes it all work, filling and sharing the pipe, and backing off for datagram type of packets (e.g. UDP thus RTP). This is mostly often good enough – even for voice. However, in the process of sharing a filled pipe, even non TCP packets (e.g. UDP/RTP) are lost (and filling the whole pipe with such packets, is a catastrophe).
B. IP Layer (3) QoS (DSCP/TOS bits honored) is available in almost any IP network – just ignored on the Internet – and gives absolute priority. You simply don’t lose any packets unless the whole pipe is filled with your quality level packets (and higher). This is needed for critical real time applications, especially low delay, packet loss sensitive applications; obviously telepresence and sometimes even voice.
C. Giving IP Layer (3) QoS to the common Internet for free will of course not help! As soon as the first file sharer will select the highest quality, all users have to do the same to get their share and we are back to A. again. Thus, better IP Layer QoS has to bear a price – has to be charged!
D. Prioritization and traffic shaping in boxes like ours helps in case A.. However, that only works for traffic that is known or classified by the box, which typically is not the case for SIP using workaround methods like STUN/TURN/ICE or Far End NAT Traversal, Skype, Google Talks or the others and will remain in an environment with the lowest quality.
Give us a SIP address (same as ) for each phone number!
- A usable one like: (not
Let us have both: =
And why not the same and SIP address by default with the subscription? 19

20. SIP wasn’t Meant for Islands or Voice Only!
DNS
partco.com
To receive SIP calls globally:
- A SIP server (Proxy Registrar)
- SIP server domain published in DNS
Proxy Registrar
for partco.com
RING!
RING!
RING!
Internet
To initiate SIP calls:
- A proxy capable of routing (=DNS lookup!) - Add ENUM to use E.164 numbers
Outbound proxy for smartco.com
CALL
CalleeProxy
CallerProxy
Callee
Caller
The SIP tapeziod
Magic? – It’s just the SIP standard…

21. SIP is Self Routing and E-SBCs Can Do it All
Deutsche Telecom
Internet
AT&T
Qwest
TeliaSonera Internet
MPLS
MPLS
QoS IP Network
QoS IP Network
MPLS
ENUM
CDR
CDR
SIParator
IX78

22. For the Telephony+ Services
For a Telephony+ service (including POTS):
SIP is the standard to use. All SIP transported everywhere!
The SIP interface must be available everywhere and the network carry anything possible with SIP, both for users and services.
The Network shall not interfere – not be application specific – that is between users and services. SIP proxies are allowed, but
Gateways and B2BUA are only allowed toward outside elements
Usage of E.164 numbers in addition to SIP address
Telcos must share numbers in a common data base
ENUM convert numbers to SIP addresses (and other addresses Skype)
Gateways in and out to the other islands.
Trust between participants (like having a telephony subscription/telephone line/number today)

23. Internet+ Model PKI The Internet with Quality Enabled
ENUM
DNS
EMS
TR-069
SIP Connect 1.1
PKI
The Internet with Quality Enabled
Global IP Transport Network
All SIP Routed Everywhere (Not Gatewayed! Via SIP Proxies – Not B2BUAs)
The TOQrouter – Trust, Openness, Quality – is a routing SIP proxy, a billing meter, and with built in SBC.

24. For the Telcos To Do * TOQ stands for Trust, Openness, Quality
Enable diffserv on Internet+ Accesses
(Or provide separate high quality pipe on routable IP.)
Provide ENUM directory (public or private)
E.164 numbers to SIP address resolution
Peer higher quality pipes with other carriers just as for Internet
Share ENUM between the Carriers
Deploy TOQrouters* – similar to clever E- SBCs used for SIP Trunking
Manage as already done in volume deployments
Provide Certificates to the TOQrouter for trust
TOQ routers use mutual TLS for all WAN SIP
Pick up CDRs from the TOQrouter and Bill
* TOQ stands for Trust, Openness, Quality 24

25. For mobile and Our SmartPhones
Just replace today’s network firewall with the TOQrouter* and use the IP channel for good real-time communication also
 No more battery draining 
(keep-alive packets not needed)
Forget about VoLTE in 4G networks. It is POTSoIP again…
No more ”mobility plumbing” needed: SIP reaches everywhere!
Internet+
4G 3G 2G
VoLTE
* TOQ stands for Trust, Openness, Quality

26. Most Important: SIP Everywhere – Just like HTTP!
We would not have the Web, if HTTP did not go between the Browser and the Web server. Today SIP is stopped and limited by Firewall/NATs, SoftSwitches and bad SBCs. The TOQrouter is a standard compliant SIP proxy (and SBC) that routes all SIP between the Users and Servers according to RCF The TOQrouter is not interfering with the usage of the SIP communication (like today’s plumbing), but can measure the usage for billing.
Proper SIP transport (by routing SIP proxies) is required:
For all beyond POTS usage, UC
For eliminating network incompatibilities – Interop issues are then reduced to being only between clients and services
For mobility: User and services can be anywhere!
For global UC: Clients, PBXs, Cloud services etc. only have to use a standard SIP interface.
There is no other way to go!

27. Really Possible? – Don’t we need this?
Will there then be another 10 years before Internet+, or?
All standards and all elements are ready to use.
And they can be introduced
step-by-step!
No IMS multimedia call across carrier domains after 5 years of deployment. But POTS on RJ11 delivered…

28. The TOQrouter Can Be The Registrar YOU Shall Decide Whom To Accept Calls From
Example using the Intertex IX78 as TOQrouter:
The TOQrouter is a good registrar, but the registrar can be located anywhere
Your Buddy list and below allows you whom to communicate with
Those on the “Trusted Network” will be the Telephony subscribers as before
Exists on Proxy level and individual User level 28

29. Most of the Gear is Already in Use
…but not (yet) for Internet+
In the above deployment, the Intertex IX78 E-SBC is used for SIP trunking, but is actually capable of TOQrouter functions.
This major European Telco has a high quality VoIP network using white addresses and is routed to the Internet. An Internet+ model would here simply mean IP peering their VoIP IP network to other service providers’ high quality networks, supplying an ENUM database and relying on CDRs delivered to the management system.
The Intertex IX78 already provides the clean SIP interface to LAN endpoints and servers on the LAN, in parallel with its gateway approach toward the PBX and the IMS system.
Internet
IMS
VoIP
TR-069
IP-TV
VoD
WiFi
VLANs or ADSL Virtual Circuits
The Multimedia LAN
Telepresence
IP-
PBX
PDA

30. The SIP Standard: Global and More Than Voice!
Today over the Internet, but then:
not always sufficient quality
difficult to bill by usage (Telcos’ core business…)
and the NAT/Firewall traversal issue must be resolved
Telcos have feared another Skype…
Telcos don’t like another Skype. Offer better and bill happily with Internet+!

31. Billing – CDRs for Efficient Processing
Now also with Video Call Metrics and Pipe Used!
CDRs with Call Quality Metrics – View from iEMS (our TR-69 management system)

32. Can the “Core” Soft Switch/SBC Participate?
Sure - it can be a SIP Registrar - which could be used instead of the registrar in the TOQrouter (In an Internet+ model, a SIP server can be everywhere!).
As a routing element; It must be a compliant SIP Proxy (B2BUAs/Gateways must not be in the transport part of the network)!
It must only route PSTN calls into the POTSoIP overlay
It could do some individual forwarding etc. of incoming calls (instead of the TOQrouter) –IF behaving like a SIP Proxy
The TOQrouter will be required anyway

33. Why are there SDN and IMS?
IMS world said (but could not deliver):
“Evolving broadband communication by launching new services cost-efficiently“
“People want an enriched communication experience, anywhere, anytime, and to any device. By XXX IMS technology operators are able to cost efficiently deliver that experience and to generate revenue”
An SDN, but not today’s transport network, the Internet, may achieve:
service providers can bill for their services,
the ability to use a higher quality IP transport network,
the ability to only allow trusted users - that is, subscribers to a service provider - to participate in the communication,
fulfilling lawful intercept requirement and
fulfilling emergency calling requirements.
The Internet+ model provides the above better, while maintaining:
reliability (no introduction of massive central elements)
scalability (no introduction of massive central elements)
good performance of a global IP transport network
Interoperability (no multiple conversions, no interference with SIP).

34. The TOQrouter
A Firewall/NAT (with general Firewall security functions)
An RFC 3261 compliant SIP Proxy also implementing RFC 3263 and RFC 3264
The SIP Proxy performing ALG functions by:
- handling and being aware of its NATed environment (by reading the IP routing table)
- reserving NAT ports and rewriting the SDP accordingly (according to the Midcom RFC 3989)
- setting up the NAT and opening pinholes for the media in the Firewall (according to the Midcom RFC 3989)
The SIP Proxy implementing RCF 3325 (trusted networks):
- using mutual TLS and certificates towards SIP Proxies on the WAN
Having functions for classifying SIP traffic to assign correct QoS class, based on various conditions
A SIP Registrar for (i) keeping and using registrations from LAN connected devices – a Shadow registrar - to allow incoming calls. This (shadow) registrar should also be able to handle RFC 6140 Gin registration for a PBX. (ii) Being the main registrar for one or several domains.
A function and setup for SIP Domain forwarding to local SIP Servers, e.g. an IP-PBX on the LAN to be used by remote users.
A dial plan with ENUM look-up to allow E.164 numbers to be used, as described below
QoS based routing, to select correct IP interface, in case special QoS WAN pipes are provided
The TOQmeter– A meter for billing purposes plus trust for the provider
A management interface and protocol, allowing very high network scalability, with trust and security to allow CDR delivery over a public network (TR-069, sending CDRs in Informs is recommended.)
The TOQrouter is also the point where a legal requirement of intercept can be fulfilled. And it can aid emergency calling since its physical location usually is known. (RFC 6442)

35. The TOQrouter Optionally, the TOQrouter may include:
Functions in the SIP proxy for improved compatibility towards SIP devices
Gateway functions in a B2BUA for extended compatibility improvements towards non SIP incompatible devices (e.g. for connecting a variety of PBXs)
Firewall and NAT functions for data traffic
Analog telephone ports (for connecting POTS ports)
Triple play capability, by handling separate IP interfaces for Internet, VoIP/IMS and IP-TV and VoD etc.
An access modem/router, e.g. for DSL, Cable, GPON, VLAN Ethernet, T1, MPLS
Multimedia capable PBX functionality using the available SIP Proxy and SIP Registrar
Other useful Business and Residential Gateway functions
Notice that these kind of functions must not be confused with, or interfere with, the basic TOQrouter functions!

36. It is between the endpoints: Between Users and Servers!
What SIP to Use? – Just SIP! Internet+ does not interfere – Just transports/routes (as HTTP or SNTP)
It is between the endpoints: Between Users and Servers!
For all endpoints using SIP in the Internet+ model, minimum:
RFC 3261 SIP: Session Initiation Protocol
RFC 3263 SIP: Locating SIP Servers – DNS usage, plus
RFC 3264 An Offer/Answer Model with the Session Description Protocol (SDP)
RFC 4028 Timer
RFC 6442 Geolocation header (for emergency calling)
RFC 3325 For endpoints wanting to set Privacy Policies
G.711 codec for minimum voice interoperability
For endpoints wanting confirmed early media (telephones):
RFC 3262 SIP: Prack/100rel for early media
For endpoints using call transfer and similar:
RFC 3515 Refer
RFC 3891 Replaces
RFC 3892 Referred-by

37. What SIP to Use. – Just SIP
What SIP to Use? – Just SIP! (continuation) Internet+ does not interfere – Just transports/routes (as HTTP or SNTP)
For Presence endpoints:
RFC 3265
RFC 3856
RFC 3863
For IM endpoints:
RFC 3428
For servers supporting endpoints (e.g. an IP-PBX) if they want the option of authenticating their users:
RFC 3325 Asserted Identity within Trusted Networks
RFC 6140 (Gin Registration) or use fix IP ITSP IP address when using SIP Connect 1.1
Extensions, such as (most of?) the IMS additions, will be transported correctly by the TOQrouter.

38. More on the Internet+ Friday 3rd, 9:00 am : BoF, Room A208
Birds-of-a-Feather , Session
Intertex Data AB
Rissneleden 45
SE Sundbyberg
Sweden
Tel:
Ingate Systems Inc.
7 Farley Road
Hollis, NH 03049
United States
Ph: +1 (603)
Tel sv: