2. Suspension Bridge Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
Suspension Bridge Wizard generates a 3-dimensional suspension bridge including self-anchored. Initial geometry is found, and unstrained lengths and initial cable forces are calculated.

3. Geometry Section & Material B Deck System Preview A C D
Suspension Bridge Wizard
Geometry
Section & Material
Deck System
Preview A B
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis C
Input node coordinates & hanger distances D

4. Geometry Section & Material B Deck System Preview A C D
Suspension Bridge Wizard
Geometry
Section & Material
Deck System
Preview B
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis A C
Define sections and materials of each part of the bridge. D

5. Sectional Property Calculator(SPC)
Suspension Bridge Wizard
Deck Cross Section defined by SPC (Sectional Property Calculator)
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
Sectional Property Calculator(SPC)

6. Geometry Section & Material B Deck System Preview A C D
Suspension Bridge Wizard
Geometry
Section & Material
Deck System
Preview A B
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis C
Input width, height and weight of deck. D

7. Geometry Section & Material B Deck System Preview A C D
Suspension Bridge Wizard
Geometry
Section & Material
Deck System
Preview B
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis A C
Model preview is updated in real time as the geometry data is input. D

8. Suspension Bridge Wizard
Find cable coordinates and forces using the equilibrium condition and nonlinear analysis of cable
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
Equilibrium in X-Z Plane
Equilibrium in Y-Z Plane
Generate the model with simplified deck and pylons.

9. The actual design model
Suspension Bridge Analysis Control
The model from the Wizard has been simplified based on the assumptions in the wizard.
Therefore, the model has to be modified according to the actual design.
After updating, the 2nd analysis has to be performed to reflect the change of the system.
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
The simplified model
from the wizard
The actual design model

10. Suspension Bridge Analysis Control Dialog
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
Select the node group, which is to be updated, and the sag points.
Suspension Bridge Analysis Control Dialog

11. Suspension Bridge Analysis Control Dialog
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
Select the node group which is to be updated and in the sag point.
Select the load case for which the cable forces will satisfy the equilibrium condition.
Suspension Bridge Analysis Control Dialog

12. Suspension Bridge Analysis Control
Structural Data and
Convergence Criteria
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
Perform Geometric Nonlinear Analysis
Calculate inequilibrium forces
Calculate node coordinates
and element forces
In case of a self-anchored suspension bridge, deformations occur at the tops of the pylons and the ends of the deck due to the axial forces in the deck.
The longitudinal deformation means the change in the boundary condition, and this change is reflected by introducing the initial element forces.
Check Convergence
with displacement difference
Update node coordinates
Re-calculation of the unstrained lengths
Calculate the element equilibrium forces
Determine the node coordinates
Determine the unstrained lengths
Determine the element equilibrium forces
Suspension Bridge Analysis Control Dialog

13. 3-Dimensional Self-Anchored
Analysis Examples
Example of Suspension Bridges
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
Youngjong Bridge
3-Dimensional Self-Anchored

14. Example of Suspension Bridges
Analysis Examples
Example of Suspension Bridges
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
Kwangan Bridge

15. Example of Suspension Bridges
Analysis Examples
Example of Suspension Bridges
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
No Hangers in the Side Spans

16. Example of Suspension Bridges
Analysis Examples
Example of Suspension Bridges
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis
Inclined Hangers

17. Backward Geometric Nonlinear Analysis
Perform backward nonlinear analysis considering the element forces at the initial state as the element equilibrium forces.
Suspension Bridge
Wizard
Analysis Control
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis

19. Initial Equilibrium State Analysis
Cable Pretensions in
Construction Stages
Forward Analysis
using Initial State
Pretensions
The Calculation of
the Closing Forces
Analysis Example
Find the initial cable pretensions using ‘Unknown Load Factor’
Obtain optimized cable pretensions satisfying the constraints.
In case the numbers of constraints and unknowns are the same, pretensions can be found by simultaneous equations, which are quick and simple.
Unknown Load Factor

20. Set up constraints and unknowns
Cable Pretensions in Construction Stages
Iteration
Initial Equilibrium
State Analysis
Cable Pretensions in
Construction Stages
Forward Analysis
using Initial State
Pretensions
The Calculation of
the Closing Forces
Analysis Example
Set up constraints and unknowns
Load Factors Found
Cable pretensions in construction stages can be also obtained by Unknown Load Factor.
Iterative analysis method enables us to find cable forces of the bridges in which time dependent effects are considered.
Iteration Control

21. Pretensions in the Initial State
Forward Analysis using Initial State Pretensions
Using pretensions from the initial state analysis, cable pretensions in the construction stages (CS) can be found without the backward analysis.
Initial Equilibrium
State Analysis
Cable Pretensions in
Construction Stages
Forward Analysis
using Initial State
Pretensions
The Calculation of
the Closing Forces
Analysis Example
Pretensions in the Initial State

22. Construction Analysis Control
Forward Analysis using Initial State Pretensions
The additional pretensions are required in CS because of the difference in cable lengths between the initial state and the construction stages.
Such additional force is called the ‘Lack of Fit Force’.
Initial Equilibrium
State Analysis
Cable Pretensions in
Construction Stages
Forward Analysis
using Initial State
Pretensions
The Calculation of
the Closing Forces
Analysis Example
Construction Analysis Control
Cable Length in initial State
Cable Pretension in Initial State
Cable Pretension in CS State
Cable Length in Construction Stages
Lack of Fit Force

23. The Calculation of the Closing Forces
The closing force calculation is required in order to keep the key-segment become continuous with decks at the joints.
The closing force is calculated by applying the lack of fit force to the beam element (key segment).
Initial Equilibrium
State Analysis
Cable Pretensions in
Construction Stages
Forward Analysis
using Initial State
Pretensions
The Calculation of
the Closing Forces
Analysis Example
Without closing force
The specified displacement is calculated so that the key segment can be continuous with the neighboring elements.
The displacement is transformed into element forces and applied to the key segment
With closing force

24. Forward Analysis Using the Lack of Fit Force
Using the ‘Lack of Fit Force’, the final result of the forward analysis can be obtained as the same as the result of the initial state.
Initial Equilibrium
State Analysis
Cable Pretensions in
Construction Stages
Forward Analysis
using Initial State
Pretensions
The Calculation of
the Closing Forces
Analysis Example
Initial State
The pretension forces from the initial state are applied to the construction stage model as well.
Construction
Stage

25. Analysis Example Stonecutters Bridge Example of a Cable Stayed Bridge
Initial Equilibrium
State Analysis
Cable Pretensions in
Construction Stages
Forward Analysis
using Initial State
Pretensions
The Calculation of
the Closing Forces
Analysis Example
Stonecutters Bridge