Electrical installation in the field of low voltage with reference to IEC 60364 (VDE 0100) and changes in rated voltage of AC 110V to AC 230V Copyright.

Name: Electrical installation in the field of low voltage with reference to IEC 60364 (VDE 0100) and changes in rated voltage of AC 110V to AC 230V Copyright.
Uploaded: 2017-06-23T19:49:55+00:00
Duration: PTM43S7
Channel: Alaina Dannels
Description: Electrical installation in the field of low voltage with reference to IEC 60364 (VDE 0100) and changes in rated voltage of AC 110V to AC 230V Copyright.

Overview Distribution network; Service connection House connection box
System types; TN-C / TN-S Protective equipotential bonding Distribution Board; Meter Distribution system; Components Socket-outlets; Plugs Equipment/Appliances Possible impact caused on changing the mains voltage from 120 V to 230 V 7. 8. 6. 2. 3. 4. 1. 5. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

TN-C Distribution Network
Exposed conductive part of an appliance L1 L2 L3 N PE For TN-C System see IEC TN-C system in which neutral and protective conductor functions are combined in a single conductor throughout the system Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 3

Service connection Connection point 3/PEN AC 400V House connection box
Energy supply company House connection box Property line Measuring device Consumer installation Distribution board 3/PE/N AC 400V Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Service connection - Legal framework in Germany
Application necessary for service connection at energy supply company Technical conditions for connection to the low voltage systems (issued by BDEW) Legal basis for the issuance of the technical conditions is the Energiewirtschaftsgesetz (EnWG) and the Niederspannungsanschlussverordnung (NAV) Dimensioning of the cables according to the requirements of the energy supply company. BDEW: Federal association of Energy and Water Industry EnWG: Law on electricity and gas supply NAV: Regulation on the connection to the low voltage network Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 5

Service connection - Cables
Dimensioning of cables according to the specifications of the energy supply company depending on the requirements of the erector (e.g. power requirement of the building) Example: Copper cables to the house connection box of a single-family house designed as three-phase a.c. network with cross-sectional area of at least 10 mm2 each (3/PEN/AC), e.g. cables of type NYY International Standard: HD 516 Guide to use low voltage harmonized cables The requirements of the various cables are defined in the relevant product standards for cables Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 6

Service connection - Cables
HD 603 S1 Power cables - Part 603: Distribution cables of rated voltage 0,6/1 kV Requirements for cables of rated voltage Uo/U = 0,6/1 kV used in underground power distribution systems, mainly for public distribution, of nominal voltage not exceeding 0,6/1 kV a.c. Example: Rated current-carrying capacity, cables in earth -> HD 603 Section 3-G, Table 14 Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 7

Hausanschluss (2) ….. Source: HD 603 S1 Part 3 Section G 8

House connection box VDE : (national standard only) Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies – Part 505: Specification for house connection boxes and fuseboxes Source: hager Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 10

House connection box - Transition to TN-S system
The splitting of the PEN conductor into the protective conductor and neutral conductor is usually realized in the service box (i.e. transition from TN-C system to TN-S system) IEC ed. 2: Low-voltage electrical installations -Part 4-44: Protection for safety - Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances In existing buildings supplied from public low-voltage networks and which contain, or are likely to contain, significant amounts of information technology equipment, a TN-S system should be installed downstream of the origin of the installation. In newly constructed buildings, TN-S systems shall be installed downstream of the origin of the installation. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 11

House connection box - Transition to TN-S system
Distribution board House connection box Main earthing terminal Energy supply company Foundation earth electrode N PE L1 L2 L3 N PE L1 L2 L3 PEN Source: S. Rudnik, EMV-Fibel für Elektroniker, Elektroinstallateure und Raumplaner VDE-Schriftenreihe 55 Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 12

NH fuse system IEC : Low Voltage Fuses – Part 1 General requirements IEC : Low Voltage Fuses – Part 2 Supplementary requirements for fuses for use by authorized persons In the house connection box usually 3 NH fuses are installed Provides protection against thermal and dynamical overload of cables and cords Source: hager Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 13

TN-C System Fuses L1 L2 L3 PEN exposed-conductive-part
Term: Exposed-conductive-part (according to IEC ) Conductive part of equipment which can be touched and which is not normally live, but which can become live when basic insulation fails Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Protective function in TN-C System
Fuses L1 L2 L3 PEN RB exposed-conductive-part Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

TN-S System RCD FUSES IN=OUT L1 L2 L3 N PE RB RA
exposed-conductive-part RCD: Residual current device Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Protective function of TN-S System
RCD FUSES IN>OUT L1 L2 L3 N PE I diff ≥ 30 mA RB RA exposed-conductive-part Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Protection against electric shock - Fundamental principles
IEC Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installation and equipment This standard is intended to give fundamental principles and requirements which are common to electrical installations, systems and equipment for their co-ordination The requirements of this standard apply only if they are incorporated , or are referred to, in the relevant standard. It is not intended to be used as a stand-alone standard. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Protection against electric shock - Low voltage electrical installation
IEC : Low voltage electrical installation – protection for safety – Protection against electric shock Part 4-41 of IEC deals with protection against electric shock as applied to electrical installations. It specifies essential requirements regarding protection against electric shock, including basic protection (protection against direct contact) and fault protection (protection against indirect contact) of persons and livestock. Basis for this standard is IEC 61140 Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Protective equipotential bonding
In each building a so-called protective equipotential bonding has to be realized via the main earthing terminal. (see IEC , ) The equipotential bonding eliminates electric potential differences e.g. between exposed-conductive parts, metallic pipes (gas, water) and conductive parts of the building VDE : (national standard only) Equipotential busbar for main equipotential bonding Source: Kopp Germany Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 22

Protective equipotential bonding
W Source: Kiefer, VDE0100 in der Praxis, VDE Verlag Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 23

Distribution board Example:
Panel for protection and switching installations SH Switches Source: hager Multimedia panel for communication (internal and external) Electrical meters, e.g. for Primary supply by energy provider Renewable energy systems Heating pump E-Mobility Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential 25

Distribution board VDE (only national standard) Customer distribution board and meter panels IEC Low Voltage Switchgear and Control gear assembly – Part 1: General requirements IEC Low Voltage Switchgear and Control gear assembly – Part 3: Distribution boards intended to be operated by ordinary persons IEC Empty enclosures for Low Voltage Switchgears and control gear assemblies Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Static (electronic) meter
Approval required according to Measuring Instruments Directive 2004/22/EC (MID) A Notified Body has to be involved for the conformity assessment procedure EN Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) – Part 1: General requirements, tests and test conditions -Metering equipment (class indexes A, B and C); EN Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) – Part 3: Particular requirements - Static meters for active energy (class indexes A, B and C); IEC Electricity metering equipment (AC) – General requirements, test and test conditions - Part 31: Product safety requirements Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Distribution system Assure selectivity by coordination of residual current protective devices connected in series (VDE , *) 5 x 10 mm2 NYM Apt. 1 5 x 10 mm2 NYM Apt. 2 5 x 10 mm2 NYM Apt. 3 Source: Hager Distribution board * ) VDE (only national standard): Erection of low-voltage installations - Part 530: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Switchgear and controlgear Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Distribution system – Residual Current Protective Device (RCD)
Additional protection against electric shock by use of RCDs IEC Low voltage electrical installations Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection against electric shock IEC , clause Additional protection In a.c. systems, additional protection by means of a RCD in accordance with shall be provided for: socket-outlets with a rated current not exceeding 20 A that are for use by ordinary persons and are intended for general use and Mobile equipment with a current rating not exceeding 32 A for use outdoors. The Use of RCDs is compulsory for all circuits in rooms containing bath or shower (see IEC *) *) IEC Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 7-701: Requirements for special installations or locations - Locations containing a bath or shower Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Distribution system – Residual Current Protective Device (RCD)
IEC , clause 415.1 Additional protection: Residual current protective devices (RCDs) The use of RCDs with a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA, is recognized in a.c. systems as additional protection in the event of falure of the provision for basic protection and/or the provision for fault protection or carelessness by users The use of such devices is not recognized as a sole means of protection and does not obviate the need to apply one of the protective measures specified in Clause 411 ff. IEC/TR – General requirements for residual current operated protective devices Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Circuit-breakers Circuit-breakers provide protection of cables against overload and short- circuit IEC : Electrical accessories – Circuit-breakers for overcurrent protection for household and similar installations – Part 1: Circuit- breakers for a.c. operation Source: ABB Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Distribution Systems – Cables
Dimensioning of cables according to the specifications depending on the requirements of the erector (e.g. power requirement of the building) Example: Copper cables from the meter to the rooms of a single-family house (or apartments of an apartment building) designed as three-phase a.c. network with cross-sectional area of at least 10 mm2 each (3/PE/N/AC), e.g. cables of type NYM International Standard: HD 516 Guide to use of low voltage harmonized cables The requirements of the various cables are defined in the relevant product standards for cables Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

VDE (only national standard) Application of cables and cords in power installations – Part 3: Guide to use of non-harmonized cables VDE (only national standard) Cables, wires and cords for power installation – PVC-Installation cable NYM VDE (only national standard) Application of cables and cords in power installations – Part 4: Recommended current-carrying capacity for sheathed and nonsheathed cables for fixed wirings in and around buildings and for flexible cables and cords Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

IEC : Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V – Part 4: Sheathed cables for fixed wiring IEC Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 5-52: Selection and erection of electrical equipment – Wiring systems e.g. this standard specifies the minimum cross-sectional area of conductors (Section 524.1, Table 52.2) Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Switches for fixed installation
IEC Switches for household and similar fixed-electrical installations Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Particular requirements – Electronic switches Example: actuating switch (dimmer) Source: Gira Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Fixed socket-outlets IEC Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes – Part 1: General requirements IEC applies to plugs and fixed or portable socket-outlets for a.c. only, with or without earthing contact, with a rated voltage greater than 50 V but not exceeding 440 V and a rated current not exceeding 32 A, intended for household and similar purposes, either indoors or outdoors. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Plugs IEC Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes – Part 1: General requirements IEC applies to plugs and fixed or portable socket-outlets for a.c. only, with or without earthing contact, with a rated voltage greater than 50 V but not exceeding 440 V and a rated current not exceeding 32 A, intended for household and similar purposes, either indoors or outdoors. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Without earthing contact
Plugs – Examples Rated values: 250 V, 16 A With earthing contact Rated values: 250 V, 2,5 A Without earthing contact IEC/TR 60083: Plugs and socket-outlets for domestic and similar general use standardized in member countries of IEC Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

European two-pole plug
European standard EN 50075 German standard VDE Flat, two pole plug without earthing contacts 2,5 A, 250 V a.c. only non rewirable for the connection of class-II equipment Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

System types; TN-C / TN-S Protective equipotential bonding Distribution Board; Meter Distribution system; Components Socket-outlets; plugs Equipment/Appliances Possible impact caused on changing the mains voltage from 120 V to 230 V 7. 8. 6. 2. 3. 4. 1. 5. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Appliances The safety requirements for equipment/appliances are described in the relevant product safety standard Examples for product standards: IEC – Household and similar electrical appliances IEC – Audio, video and similar electronic apparatus – Safety requirements IEC – Information technology equipment – Safety IEC – Medical electrical equipment Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Household Electrical Appliances
IEC , Introduction This standard recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of appliances when operated as in normal use taking into accoutn the manufacturer‘s instructions. It also covers abnormal situations that can be expected in practice and takes into account the way in which electromagnetic phenomena can affect the safe operation of appliances. This standard takes into account the requirements of IEC as far as possible so that there is compatibility with the wiring rules when the appliance is connected to the supply mains. However, national wiring rules may differ. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Insulation coordination
The insulation coordination implies the selection of the electric insulation characteristics of the equipment with regard to its application and in relation to its surroundings. Protection against direct contact (protection under normal conditions) Direct contact: electric contact of persons or animals with live parts Protection against indirect contact (protection under fault conditions) Indirect contact: Electric contact of persons or animals with exposed-conductive parts which become live under fault conditions Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Insulation coordination
IEC Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems; Part 1 – Principles, requirements and tests IEC has the status of a basic safety standard. It specifies the basic requirements regarding clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation. The specification of the requirements is done in the relevant safety standard of the product, e.g. IEC ! In the case of missing specified values for clearance, creepage distances and requirements for solid insulation in the relevant product standards this standard is applicable. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Types of insulation Basic insulation
Insulation of hazardous-live-parts which provides basic protection Supplementary insulation Independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation for fault protection Double insulation Insulation comprising both basic insulation and supplementary insulation Reinforced insulation Insulation of hazardous-live-parts which provides a degree of protection against electrical shock equivalent to double insulation Source: IEC Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Appliances related to protection classes
Protection class I Protection class II Basic insulation Basic insulation Reinforced insulation and and or Protective conductor Supplementary insulation Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Appliances related to protection classes
Symbol Comment ─ Not allowed I Protective conductor II Protective insulation III Extra-low voltage (ELV) III Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Overvoltage categories
Description Example IV Equipment for the use at the origin of the installation Electricity meters and primary protection equipment III Equipment in fixed installations and equipment with special requirements regarding reliability and availability Installation equipment after the meter, e.g. LS-Switches II Energy consuming equipment to be supplied from the fixed installation Household appliances Portable tools Overvoltage category I: Equipment for connection to circuits in which measures are taken to limit transient overvoltages to an appropriately low level. Source: IEC Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Clearance and Creepage distance
Requirements for equipment regarding their minimum insulation are set in order to avoid risks. In particular, the equipment must be designed in a way that the requirements regarding the minimum distances between conductive parts are met. Clearance: Shortest distance in air between two conductive parts Creepage distance Shortest distance along the surface of the insulating material between two conductive parts IEC specifies the basic requirements regarding clearances and creepage distances. The specification of the requirements is done in the relevant safety standard of the product, e.g. IEC Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Pollution degree Depending on the field of application, equipment is exposed to different environmental influences as, for example, humidity and dust. IEC defines four degrees of pollution in the micro-environment, i.e. the immediate environment of the insulation which particularly influences the dimensioning of the creepage distances: From pollution degree 1 (the pollution has no influence) to pollution degree 4 (continuous conductivity occurs due to conductive dust, rain or other wet conditions) The requirements of clearance and creepage distances depend on the pollution degrees. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Material groups Requirements for creepage distances do not only depend on the pollution degree but also on the properties of the insulating material With regard to tracking, insulating materials are categorized according to the so-called Comparative Tracking Index (CTI). IEC defines four groups of insulating materials depending on the CTI. The determination of the CTI is done in accordance with IEC – Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices of solid insulating materials Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

System types; TN-C / TN-S Protective equipotential bonding Distribution Board; Meter Distribution system; Components Socket-outlets; plugs Equipment/Appliances Possible impact caused on changing the mains voltage from 120 V to 230 V 7. 8. 6. 2. 3. 4. 1. 5. Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Possible impact when changing from 120 V to 230 V
New 230 V installations need smaller wire diameters at same power consumption or higher power consumption of appliances is possible with same wire diameter as in 120 V installations Implementing a TN-S installation with RCD devices increase the safety of the user Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Possible impact when changing from 120 V to 230 V
Existing installations might not be sufficient in regard to insulation demands of the wires used For the 230 V installation other fixed-socket outlets shall be used compared to the 120 V installation to prevent damage on equipment only accepting 120 V supply Equipment shall be designed for the 230 V installation Copyright © VDE-Institut All rights reserved – confidential

Electrical installation in the field of low voltage with reference to IEC 60364 (VDE 0100) and changes in rated voltage of AC 110V to AC 230V Copyright.

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Electrical installation in the field of low voltage with reference to IEC 60364 (VDE 0100) and changes in rated voltage of AC 110V to AC 230V Copyright.

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Presentation on theme: "Electrical installation in the field of low voltage with reference to IEC 60364 (VDE 0100) and changes in rated voltage of AC 110V to AC 230V Copyright."— Presentation transcript:

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