1. ELC 200 Day 5, 6 & 7

2. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 2 Agenda Assignment #1 partially corrected –Still waiting for late assignments –Grades are posted for those I have graded Assignment #2 due next class Quiz # 1 on Jan 30 –Change to syllabus –Chap 1-3 of text –15 M/C (60 Points), 4 Short Essay (40 Points) Today well discuss the World Wide Web and Internet Architecture

3. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 3 Cable Types Twisted-Pair Cable Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Optical Fiber Coaxial Cable Wireless Technology Internet Architecture: Cable Types

4. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 4 UTP Cable

5. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 5 Twisted-Pair Cable Consists of two pairs of insulated copper wires twisted around each other Advantages –Protect against cross talk & interference –Easy to add computers to network –Well understood technology –Less expensive Disadvantages –Susceptibility to noise –Least secure –Distance limitations –Requires more expensive hubs Internet Architecture: Cable Types

6. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 6 Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Pair of wires do not have the shielding against electrical interference Advantages –Less expensive –Easy to install Disadvantages –Vulnerable to electromagnetic interference & crosswalk –Subject to attenuation Internet Architecture: Cable Types

7. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 7 Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) An electrically grounded woven copper mesh wrapped around each twisted pair Advantage –Reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI) Disadvantage –Makes the wiring thick and is difficult to maintain Internet Architecture: Cable Types

8. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 8 Optical Fiber

9. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 9 Optical Fiber Uses light rather than voltage to indicate one and zeros Advantages –High speed transmission –High security –Smallest in size –Supports voice & video data Disadvantages –Expensive –Difficult to install –Require two cables to transmit & receive data –Require special connections Internet Architecture: Cable Types

10. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 10 Coaxial Cable

11. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 11 Coaxial Cable Copper center shielded by a plastic insulating material Advantages –Transmits up to 10Mbps over 500m –Easy to install –Low maintenance –Good resistance to noise over long distances Disadvantages –Inflexible –Low security –Limited distance Internet Architecture: Cable Types

12. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 12 Wireless Technology Microwave –Connect LANs in separate buildings Radio waves –No distance limitations –Susceptible to atmospheric and electronic interference –Subject to government regulations Infrared transmissions –Interference from bright light Internet Architecture: Cable Types

13. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 13 Key Components of A Network Network Interface Card (NIC) Hubs & Switches Routers Gateways Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network

14. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 14 Network Hardware NIC HUB SWITCH ROUTER/GATEWAY

15. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 15 Network Interface Card Installed in a slot with a cable plugged into the back Plugged into a wall jack connection or into the hub/switch directly Modem –Converts digital signals into analog form for transmission and incoming analog signals into digital signal across the telephone line Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network

16. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 16 Hubs & Switches Hub –Operates at Physical Layer –Acts as a connecting point –Passive, active, and intelligent hubs Switch –Offers direct connection to a particular PC –Available for almost every OSI level Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network

17. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 17 Routers Operate at Internet Layer Evaluate network traffic and stop local traffic from causing congestion Filter out packets that need not be received Expensive & difficult to operate Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network

18. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 18 Gateways Special-purpose computer allowing communications between dissimilar systems on the network Operate at Application Layer primarily Difficult to install & configure Expensive Internet Architecture: Key Components of a Network

19. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 19 Factors in Designing a Network Location Capacity Distance limitations Cost Potential growth Security Internet Architecture: Factors in Designing a Network

20. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 20 Factors in Selecting Network Architecture Hardware requirements Software requirements Disaster recovery & fault-tolerance requirements Corporate culture and organizational factors Internet Architecture: Factors in Designing a Network

21. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 21 Network Management System Manager Managed Nodes Objects Management Information Base (MIB) Requests & responses Internet Architecture: Network Management System

22. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 22 Network Management Based on SNMP Management Information Base (MIB) Management Information Base (MIB) Management Information Base (MIB) Network Management Software (Manager) Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) RMON Probe Command (Get, Set, etc.) Response Trap

23. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 23 Large-Scale E-commerce Issues Financial exposure IP exposure Legal security Packet sniffing

24. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 24 Ensuring Corporate and Information Security Firewalls IP Security Intrusion detection systems

25. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 25 Management Implications Technical Talents Required Programming –Procedural & Scripting –Object Oriented –Markup Languages System analysis –Needs assessment –System design and Specification –Project Management Networks –Design –Administration –Security Databases –Design –Transaction programming –Administration

26. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 26 Management Implications High demand for Technical talent –Project Management –Business Knowledge –Communication Skills –High SalariesHigh Salaries Retaining Talent –Constructive & Timely Feedback –Recognition & Appreciation –Championing Staff Causes –Support Employee Career goals –Match Industry Standards for Salary

27. Chapter 4 Intranets and Extranets

28. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 28 OBJECTIVES Introduction Technical Infrastructure Planning an Intranet E-mail and Intranet Extranets

29. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 29 WHAT IS AN INTRANET? An organization-wide software and information distribution system applying Internet technology to a closed network Intranet operation is a communication project designed by technical staff A network of people, not wired machines Usually runs in a client/server environment and a local area network configuration

30. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 30 BENEFITS Links employees and managers together Automates a lot of intra-organizational traffic Enables a company to gain better access to its primary resources – knowledge and experience Serves as a creative and empowering tool Establishes the foundation for developing enterprise-wide information systems

31. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 31 BENEFITS (Contd) Provides a model for new internal information management collaborative computing Prepares a wealth of Internet knowledge to employees Eases process integration Allows company to expand the system

32. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 32 APPLICATIONS Human Resources –Employee handbook –Benefits information –Employee surveys –Internal/external recruiting –Candidate screening –Organizational charts –Newsletters –Company calendars

33. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 33 APPLICATIONS (Contd) Sales and Marketing –Product information –Market research –Prospecting –Managing sales contacts –Sales training

34. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 34 APPLICATIONS (Contd) Accounting and Finance –Financial reports –Expense reports –Accounts receivable/payable processing –Asset management –Policies and procedures –Payroll

35. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 35 APPLICATIONS (Contd) Manufacturing and Operations –Inventory control –Production schedules –Quality assurance –Part order/requisition system

36. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 36 WHY DOES A COMPANY NEED AN INTRANET? A company has a large pool of information to share among hundreds of its employees Intranets are cheap, robust and fast Intranets operate across platforms 24/7 to employees Information in intranet can be updated quickly

37. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 37 TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Client/Server Basis –Client/Server software architecture: a versatile, message-based, and modular infrastructure intended to improve usability, flexibility, interoperability and scalability –Mainframe architecture: all intelligence is within the central host computer

38. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 38 TYPES OF CLIENT/SERVER ARCHITECTURE Two-tier architectures –For an organization with 12-100 users Three-tier architectures –User system interface –Processing management –Database management

39. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 39 TWO-TIER ARCHITECTURE DESIGN User System Interface Database Management

40. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 40 THREE-TIER ARCHITECTURE DESIGN User System Interface Database Management Process Management

41. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 41 BASIC INTRANET-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES Server and Client PCs Web Server Browsers TCP/IP Electronic Mail Graphic and Multimedia Files Network File System (NFS) Internet Relay Chat (IRC) HTML Authoring Tools HTML Portable Electronic Document (PDF)

42. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 42 USING FIREWALLS Proxy –Go-between agent that acts on behalf of another Packet Filter –Checks each packet at network level

43. ELC 200 Day 6

44. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 44 Agenda Assignment #1 corrected –8 As and 2 Cs Assignment #2 due Quiz # 1 Today –Chap 1-3 of text –15 M/C (60 Points), 4 Short Essay (40 Points) –Open book 60 min Today well discuss the World Wide Web and Internet Architecture

45. ELC 200 Day 7

46. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 46 Agenda Assignment #2 Corrected –2 As, 5 Bs, 1 D, 1 F and 1 non-submit Quiz # 1 Corrected –8 As, 1 B and 1 non-take Assignment #3 assigned today –Due Feb 10 Today finish Intranets and Extranets Begin Discussion on Web Management Tools and Web Portals

47. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 47 Assignment # 3 On page 129 and 130 –Do the following questions from the Discussion Questions Section –1, 2, 3 & 7 On Page 157 –Do the following questions from the Discussion Questions Section –1, 2, 4, & 6 Turn in a well formatted Word Document Due Feb 10 at the beginning of class

48. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 48 PLANNING AN INTRANET Plan ahead Provide justification with management support Build an intranet in-house or outsource it Form an Intranet team Build and test a prototype Ensure effective maintenance

49. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 49 E-MAIL and INTRANET Spamming –Sending unwanted advertisements or literature through e-mail Flaming –Responding to a message or a call in anger

50. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 50 E-MAIL ETIQUETTE Write in different color to express attitude or mood Keep sentences short Be aware of your office and organization culture Avoid flaming Dont use e-mail to send bad news Dont type in capital letters

51. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 51 EXTRANETS Lets limited, controlled business partners interact with the firm for all kinds of exchanges System designers must collaborate to make sure there is a common interface with the company they are dealing with Benefits: faster time-to-market, customer loyalty, increased partner interaction, and improved processes

52. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 52 KEY CONSIDERATIONS Identifying users Listing technology components Specifying security requirements Discussing administration of extranet Understanding usability of extranet

53. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 53 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS Security –Type of users –Sensitivity of information transacted –Communication lines used Manageability / administration Usability

54. Awad –Electronic Commerce 2/e © 2004 Pearson Prentice Hall 54 ROLE OF CHAMPION Ensures accountability for the organization Promotes more effective collaboration with business partners which improves potential for increased revenue Provides a long-term investment in competitive advantage