1. TEKNOLOGI REPRODUKSI dan INSEMINASI BUATAN PET ANIMAL
DISIAPKAN OLEH
PROF DR.PRATIWI TS, DRH, MS
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

2. SWEETEST PUPPIES
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

3. Stages of the Ovarian Cycle
Anestrus
Proestrus
Estrus
Diestrus
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

4. Estrous Cycle Proestrus (9 days) Estrus (9 days, ovulation day 2)
Vulva swollen
Bloody discharge
Attracted to male but does not mate
Estrus (9 days, ovulation day 2)
Accepts male
Straw-colored discharge
Metestrus (90 days)
False pregnancy
Anestrus (75 days)
Sexual inactivity
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

5. The Bitch Heat Estrous Cycle Puberty - 6 mo. Monoestrus
One estrus during breeding season
Estrous Cycle
Proestrus
Estrus
Metestrus
Anestrus
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

6. Estrous Cycle Proestrus (9 days) Estrus (9 days, ovulation day 2)
Vulva swollen
Bloody discharge
Attracted to male but does not mate
Estrus (9 days, ovulation day 2)
Accepts male
Straw-colored discharge
Metestrus (90 days)
False pregnancy
Anestrus (75 days)
Sexual inactivity
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

7. Hormonal Changes Estrus Proestrus Anestrus Progesterone LH Ovulation
FSH
-20 10 20
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi
Days

8. No Uterine Luteolytic Mechanism
Heat
20 day
Metestrus I
Metestrus II 70 days
Progesterone
No Uterine Luteolytic Mechanism E2
Prolactin
-20 20 40 60 80
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi
Day of Metestrus

9. Estrous Cycle Pro-estrus » 1 - 2 days » Attracted to males
» Rubs head and neck on objects
» Vocalization, posturing and rolling
Estrus
» Accepts male
» days if male present, 10 days if no male
» Ovulation 27 hours after mating (induced)
» Affectionate to aggressive towards owners
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

10. Estrous Cycle Proestrus if queen did not ovulate » 8 - 10 days
Diestrus after ovulation
» psuedopregnancy - 40 days
» pregnancy - 60 days
Anestrus months
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

11. AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

12. Provides sexual posturing
Changes During Estrus of Bitch
Vulva Swollen and Enlarged
Bloody discharge
from vulva
Copulation
Aggressive
towards Male
Passive
Provides sexual posturing
to male for copulation
Proestrus Estrus
Indicates Day of
Peak in LH
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

13. AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

14. AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

15. Fantasizing…
Haloo ... My dear
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

16. Anestrus
Uterine involution post parturition or when P4 levels are at baseline
Time between heat cycles
Hormones – Estrogen & P4 are low
Duration - Avg of 4.5 months
Vaginal Cytology – Parabasal and intermediate vaginal epithelial cells, +/- WBC’s & bacteria, no RBC’s
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

17. Vaginal Cytology
Correct collection of a vaginal cytology preparation is critical to its diagnostic value!
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

18. Proestrus
Time when bleeding begins and the bitch refuses to be bred, males are attracted to her, swelling of vulva
Duration – Avg 9 days (range: 6-11 days)
Hormones – Estrogen is increasing; P4 baseline
Vaginal Cytology – RBC’s, Decreasing WBC’s, & parabasal cells, bacteria present, increasing intermediate, superficial intermediate, & few cornified cells
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

19. Vaginal Cytology - Proestrus
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

20. Estrus
Time when bitch will allow the male to breed her until she will no longer stand
“Standing Heat”
Hormones – Estrogen fall & P4 rises; LH surge occurs
Vaginal Cytology – RBC’s decreasing or absent; no WBC’s; Bacteria present; >80-90% Cornified cells
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

21. Vaginal Cytology - Estrus
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

22. AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

23. INSEMINATION OF THE BITCH
Bitches ovulate around day 10 after they enter
proestrus (discharge) or about days of estrus.
Ovulation can be detected by:
– LH assay (peak LH value + one day)
– Progesterone assay (>5 ng/ml)
– Cytology of vaginal smear (>50% cornified cells)
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

24. Fresh or cooled semen, inseminate 2 days after
Remember oocytes in the canine are ovulated as 1° oocytes and must mature in the oviduct to a 2° oocyte before fertilization
Fresh or cooled semen, inseminate 2 days after
ovulation detected and again hr latter.
Frozen semen, inseminate on day after ovulation
Uterine insemination better than cervical
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

25. AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

26. Timing of Insemination
Natural breedings or Fresh Collection AI
3 breedings between d1 and d6
Fresh chilled-extended semen
1 breeding on d5
2 breedings on d4 & d6
3 breedings on d2, d4 & d6
Frozen semen
1 breeding surgically/transcervically on d6
2 breedings transcervically/surgically d4 & d6
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

27. AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

28. Estrous Cycle FELIN Pro-estrus Estrus 1 - 2 days Attracted to males
Rubs head and neck on objects
Vocalization, posturing and rolling
Estrus
Accepts male
4 - 6 days if male present, 10 days if no male
Ovulation 27 hours after mating (induced)
Affectionate to aggressive towards owners
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

29. Mating Queens call or vocalize (low moaning sound) During mating
Owners may think a sign of illness
During mating
Tom bites neck female
With erection penis faces forward
Only lasts 30 seconds to 5 minutes
As male dismounts female gives a loud copulatory call and Tom retreats
Mating occurs times until queen declines
May occur for up to 4 days
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

30. Mating Mounting Occurs during estrus
Length of courtship by male is variable
Licks vulva
Bitch stands with tail to one side
Mounting
Male mounts without erection and penetrates
Os penis
In vagina, male bulbus glandis engorges, thrusting
Male dismounts and turns around but penis remains in vagina “the tie”
Ejaculation
Tie last 5 min to 1 hour
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi

31. Mating (cont.) Mate 2 times Infertility
Days 11 and 13 after start of proestrus
Sperm lasts up to 7 days in female
Infertility
Often from mating not at appropriate time
Hormonal detection of ovulation
LH increase associated with progesterone >0.5 ng/ml
Ovulation progesterone 2-5 ng/ml
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi