1. CHAPTER 38 Conservation Biology
Modules 38.4 – 38.5

2. 38.4 Connection: Rapid global warming could alter the entire biosphere
Burning of fossil fuels is increasing the amount of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the air
Figure 38.4A

3. Adding CO2 to the air increases the greenhouse effect
Removal of CO2 from the air by photosynthesizing plants and algae decreases the greenhouse effect
GREENHOUSE EFFECT: CO2 lets sunlight through but retains the heat generated by the sun
Light
CO2
Heat
CO2
CO2
Figure 38.4B

4. Projected atmospheric temperatures indicate an increase in greenhouse gases
Figure 38.4C

5. An increase in global temperature could have many negative effects
Change in climate patterns
Melting of polar ice
Flooding of coastal regions
Increase in the rate of species loss

6. THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF BIODIVERSITY
38.5 Some locations in the biosphere are especially rich in biodiversity
Environments are patchy
As a result, species are not evenly distributed
Geographic distribution patterns for many species indicate an uneven density
Example: terrestrial birds in North and Central America

7. Density of bird species
Figure 38.5A

8. Many species in these hot spots are endemic
Biodiversity hot spots are relatively small areas with a large concentration of species
Many species in these hot spots are endemic
They are found nowhere else
Biodiversity hot spots can also be hot spots of extinction

9. Location of some biodiversity hot spots
Figure 38.5B

10. Endemic species are highly sensitive to habitat degradation and thus prone to extinction
Many migratory species, both terrestrial and aquatic, require international protection

11. Monarch butterflies migrate throughout Canada and the United States during the summer months
In the autumn months, they migrate to local sites in Mexico and California
Such overwintering populations are susceptible to habitat disturbances
Figure 38.5C

12. Sea turtles, such as the loggerhead turtle, are threatened in their ocean feeding grounds and on land
Figure 38.5D