1. AS America Time to test the water!
TASK: Copy out the table below, and add events/facts you know for each topic
The Federal Government
Events between
Mexican War
1850 Compromise
1860 Election
Differences between the North and South
Similarities between the North and South
Abolitionism
Secession
America C.1845

2. How effective were the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments in improving the lives of black Americans?
Good learning:
Understand what the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendment are.
Great learning:
Explain the impact of both Amendments
Even better:
Evaluate whether the Amendments improve the lives of black Americans

3. What were the Reconstruction Amendments?
The Reconstruction Amendments are the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments to the United States Constitution, passed between 1865 and 1870, the five years immediately following the Civil War. This group of Amendments are sometimes referred to as the Civil War Amendments. The Amendments were intended to restructure the United States from a country that was (in Abraham Lincoln's words) "half slave and half free" to one in which the constitutionally guaranteed "blessings of liberty" would be extended to the entire populace, including the former slaves and their descendants.
UNDERSTAND
what the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendment are.
EXPLAIN
the impact of both Amendments
EVALUATE
whether the Amendments improved the lives of black Americans

4. What was the Thirteenth Amendment?
1861 Outbreak of the Civil War – 11 states leave the USA to form the Confederate States of America
1863 Emancipation proclamation is implemented. Lincoln stated that from 1st January, any slave in territory under direct control of Confederacy would be free
From 1863 abolition of slavery becomes a northern war aim.
Lincoln re-elected as President in November 1864, he took it as a mandate to end slavery forever.
In early 1865 Lincoln submitted a proposal to the US congress to make slavery illegal forever.
In April 1865 the Civil War came to an end when Confederate general Robert E Lee surrendered his army.
Lincoln managed to persuade sufficient democratic congressmen to support the 13th amendment to formally abolish slavery.
The proposed amendment passed by 2 votes to ensure a 2/3 majority (119 votes to 56 votes). By December 1865 sufficient states had supported the bill for it to become an official part of the constitution.
TASK: You’ve been given a card sort. Cut it out and put it in order to show how the issue of the end of slavery became tied up with the civil war.
Challenge  Can you identify a turning point in the abolition of slavery?
Watch the following clip, is there anything further you could add?
UNDERSTAND
what the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendment are.
EXPLAIN
the impact of both Amendments
EVALUATE
whether the Amendments improved the lives of black Americans

5. TASK: Using the information below, you can add 5 facts to your notes
UNDERSTAND
what the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendment are.
EXPLAIN
the impact of both Amendments
EVALUATE
whether the Amendments improved the lives of black Americans
What was the Thirteenth Amendment?
TASK: Using the information below, you can add 5 facts to your notes
THE BASICS
The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States
It was the first of three Reconstruction Amendments adopted in the five years following the American Civil War.
The 13th Amendment, passed by Congress on the 31st January, 1865, and ratified December 6, 1865, states:
“1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.”
WHY WASN’T THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAIMATION ENOUGH?
Although Lincoln had issued the Emancipation Proclamation, there were problems with relying on it to ensure an end to slavery in the U.S.
One problem with relying only on the Emancipation Proclamation was that it was issued using Lincoln’s war powers (seen as temporary)
Another problem with relying only on the Emancipation Proclamation is it applied only to the states that were in active rebellion on January 1, 1863, but did not apply to slave-holding border states or to areas of Confederate states already under Union control at the time.
HOW DID IT PASS?
In December 1863 and January 1864, two bills and a joint resolution were introduced into the House and Senate, all making similar proposals for a Constitutional amendment abolishing slavery.
The Senate Judiciary committee combined the proposals and presented them to the Senate, which passed (April 8, 1864, 38-6)
Unfortunately, the House did not act similarly and the amendment had to be reintroduced.
This time, Lincoln took an active role in getting it through the House (part of the Republican platform in the 1864 election)
The House passed it on January 31, 1865, and it was sent to the state legislatures for ratification.
On December 6, 1865, the 13th Amendment was adopted—three fourths of the states had ratified it.
All but three of the remaining states had ratified it by 1870 (two of those would not ratify it until the second half of the 20th century): Delaware ratified it on February 12, 1901, Kentucky on March 18, 1976, and Mississippi on March 16, 1995.

6. What was the impact of the Amendment?
In one act the 13th Amendment wiped out $2 billion in property as slaves were owned by white slave owners. It also created 4 million new freemen and ended forever the division of the US population between freemen and slaves.
TASK 1:. Categorize the information on the sheet you have been given into:
Evidence there was a move towards equality
Evidence to suggest there was not a move towards equality
Factors which inhibited the move to equality
TASK 2: Watch the following clip to help you create a mind map that explains the impact of the Thirteenth Amendment commenting on the following:
The status of slavery in America
Existing legislation concerning slavery
The American political system
Southern culture
Please note!
However, though slaves were now free in law, they still had a considerable way to go before they received equality.
UNDERSTAND
what the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendment are.
EXPLAIN
the impact of both Amendments
EVALUATE
whether the Amendments improved the lives of black Americans

7. How far did then 13th Amendment improve the lives of black Americans?
Not at all
A lot
UNDERSTAND
what the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendment are.
EXPLAIN
the impact of both Amendments
EVALUATE
whether the Amendments improved the lives of black Americans

8. Flipped Learning TASK:
For next lesson you will need to:
TASK:
Read and highlight the ‘Chequered History of the Fourteenth Amendment’
BONUS STAMP!
Watch ‘13th’ on Netflix (currently on YouTube!)
trailer
– full documentary on YouTube