1. Cardiac cycle
DR S.PARTHASARATHY MD., DA., DNB., DIP. DIAB. PhD, FICA, IDRA,
Diploma in software based statistics

2. excitation of the myocardium
Pressure gradient
Contraction
Opening of valves
Ejection of blood
Relax
opening of valves
Filling of blood

3. Pressure in Y axis and volume in X axis
PV LOOP !!
Pressure in Y axis and volume in X axis

4. Four important phases ventricular filling (phase a; diastole),
isovolumetric contraction (phase b; systole),
ejection (phase c; systole),
and isovolumetric relaxation (phase d; diastole

6. end-diastolic pressure and end-diastolic volume (EDV) for the ventricle.
As the ventricle begins to contract isovolumetrically (phase b), the mitral valve closes and the LVP increases,
but the LV volume remains the same, resulting in a vertical line (all valves are closed).

9. Next !!
Once LVP exceeds aortic diastolic pressure, the aortic valve opens (point 2) and ejection (phase c) begins.
During this phase the LV volume decreases as LVP increases to a peak value (peak systolic pressure) and then decreases as the ventricle begins to relax.

11. Once LVP exceeds aortic diastolic pressure, the aortic valve opens (point 2) and ejection (phase c) begins.
During this phase the LV volume decreases as LVP increases to a peak value (peak systolic pressure) and then decreases as the ventricle begins to relax

12. Next
When the aortic valve closes (point 3), ejection ceases and the ventricle relaxes isovolumetrically - that is, the LVP falls but the LV volume remains unchanged, therefore the line is vertical (all valves are closed)

13. Next
When the LVP falls below left atrial pressure, the mitral valve opens (point 4) and the ventricle begins to fill.
Initially, the LVP continues to fall as the ventricle fills because the ventricle is still relaxing.

14. EF = stroke volume / EDV - 80/120 = 66 %
Stroke volume = end diastolic volume – end systolic volume (80 = )
EF = stroke volume / EDV - 80/120 = 66 %

16. Refresh again !!

17. Diastolic dysfunction
Becomes less compliant
May be LVH
slope of the EDPVR is the reciprocal of ventricular compliance

18. Exercise

20. Why do we want this class ??

22. Thank you all