1. Separations Notes

2. Can it be physically separated?
Matter Flowchart
MATTER
yes no
Can it be physically separated?
MIXTURE
PURE SUBSTANCE
Is the composition uniform? no
yes
Can it be chemically decomposed? no
yes
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture
Compound
(2 or more elements)
Element

3. Definitions Solute - substance being dissolved
Solution – a mixture of substances that has a uniform composition
Solute - substance being dissolved
Solvent – substance that is the dissolving medium

4. Definitions Continued
Soluble: when a substance will dissolve in another substance
Example: salt is soluble in water
Insoluble: when a substance will not dissolve in another substance.
Example: Sand is insoluble in water

5. Evaporation
Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor.
When is a time this
technique would be used?
When solute is dissolved in solvent

6. Separation By Funnel
Using filter paper, a funnel, and some sort of beaker or Erlenmeyer flask.
Slowly pour the solution through the filter paper.
When would a scientist use this technique?
When solute cannot dissolve in solvent

7. Suction Filtration
Using a Buchner funnel and water pressure the solution is slowly poured through filter paper and the solvent is suctioned into the Erlenmeyer flask.
When would a scientist use this technique instead of a regular funnel?
Short on time

8. Magnetism Using a magnet to separate magnetic solutes from a solution
Ferro fluids

9. Paper Chromatography - A technique used to separate liquid solutions.
- Uses a liquid solvent to draw up liquid solutes that are like it.
- The liquid solutes that are not like it will stay closer to the original line.
Example: Pen ink.