1. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Created by: Sarah London, Nutritionist
OmegaPure, a division of Omega Protein, Inc

2. Types of Dietary Fat Saturated Peanut oil, coconut
At least one double bond
Fully saturated with hydrogen bonds
Unsaturated Fat
Saturated Fat
More than 2 double bonds
1 double bond
Monounsaturated
Polyunsaturated
Oleic (Olive Oil)
Omega-6
Linoleic
Arachiodonic
GLA
CLA
Omega-3
Alpha-Linoleic
EPA
DPA
DHA
Saturated
Peanut oil, coconut
oil, animal fat, and
butterfat
Monounsaturated
Nuts, avocados, tea
sea oil, and olive oil
Polyunsaturated Fish, grains such as flaxseed and cereal
Trans
Partially hydrogenised fats like margarine and baking shortening

3. Imbalance of Omega-6 to Omega-3 in the Western Diet
Current Western Diet 25:1, but could reach 50:1 in individuals consuming mostly processed foods.
Omega-6 promotes inflammation and heart conditions.
Paleolithic Diet (1:2)
Current Western Diet (25:1)
Recommended Diet (4:1)
Omega-6
Omega-6
Omega-3
Omega-6
Omega-3
Omega-3
Bourre JM, Dumont O, Piciotti M, Clement M, et al. “Essentiality of n-3 fatty acids for brain structure and function”. World Rev Nutr Diet 66(1991) ; Holub BJ. “Omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular care”. CMAJ 166(2002)

4. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Omega-6 Fatty Acids vs. Contain EPA and DHA
that are essential for:
Proper growth and development
Metabolic processes
Inhibit free forming fatty acids from destroying healthy cells.
Allows for better communication between cells.
Omega-6 are involved in:
Production of inflammation
Regulation of cholesterol metabolism
Creates structure in cell membranes
Sources:
Fish oil (EPA and DHA), green leafy vegetables and algae (DHA only)
Sources:
Safflower oil, Sunflower oil,
Corn oil, Sesame oil, Soybean oil, Wheatgerm oil, Evening Primrose oil, Walnuts
Allport, Susan. The Queen of Fats. London: University of California, 2006.

5. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease
USDA
“…evidence suggests an association between consumption of fatty acids in fish and reduced risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease for the general population.” 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans
American Heart Association
“Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown in epidemiological and clinical trials to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease.” Kris Etherton, P
Number 1 killer of Americans today
2 out of 5 American deaths caused by cardiovascular disease
Kris Etherton, P. et al. Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation, 2002; 106:2747.

6. EPA and DHA Recommendations
The US National Institute of Health
650 mg/day of EPA and DHA and 2 grams/day of omega-3 fatty acids
Limit omega-6 fatty acid to 4 gm/day.

7. Types of omega-3 fatty acids: Alpha linolenic acid (ALA)
Omega-3 fatty acids are long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and contain the essential nutrients EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid).
Types of omega-3 fatty acids:
Alpha linolenic acid (ALA)
Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)
Docosapentaenoic (DPA)
EPA and DHA are essential for:
Proper growth and development
Metabolic processes
Inhibit free forming fatty acids from destroying healthy cells.

8. The Importance of EPA and DHA
Promotes proper cell turnover
Supports healthy development of blood cells
Assists in the creation of blood vessels
Inhibits free forming fatty acids from destroying healthy cells
Improves blood platelet functionality
Reduces inflammation
Reduces occurrence of heart attacks
Necessary for transport of nutrients through cell membranes
Improves blood flow

9. Fish Oil is the Best Source for Omega- 3 EPA and DHA
ALA source (Alpha-Linoleic Acid):
Have to be converted by the body into EPA and DHA
Less than 1% of DHA and EPA from ALA is absorbed due to loss during conversion
Algae source:
Algae only contains DHA
Does not contain the essential nutrient EPA
Fish oil source:
Contains EPA and DHA
100% bioavailable- effective immediately for 100% absorption
Pawlosky, Robert J. “Physiological compartmental analysis of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism in adult humans”. Journal of Lipid Research. 42,(2001):

10. ALA Conversion Process
Chloroplast in dark green vegetables, walnuts, and flaxseeds
Short chain
Supplies
ALA
Converts to
Converts back and forth
Converts to
Intermediate Molecules
EPA
DHA
Bioavailable
Cold water fish, fish oil, free range chicken and eggs, grass fed beef and wild game; fresh seaweed (DHA only)

11. Daily Recommendations for Long Chain Omega-3
Organization
Suggested Adult Recommendations (mg)
Australia and New Zealand Health Authorities
430mg-610mg/day
World Health Organization
1000mg-2000mg/day
British Nutrition Foundation
American Heart Association
1000mg-4000mg/day
Minimum Recommended:
~500mg/day
Typical Omega-3 fatty acid intake in the U.S: 100mg
Organization
Suggested Child Recommendations (mg)
Australia and New Zealand Health Authorities
400mg/day
World Health Organization
Undetermined
British Nutrition Foundation
American Heart Association

12. Health Studies
Brain Development: IQ, Dyslexia, Dementia, Alzheimer’s, ADD/ADHD, Depression and Suicide, Aggression, Anxiety
Neurological: Bi-Polar Disorder, Schizophrenia, Autism, Multiple Sclerosis, Lou Gehrig’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease
Cardiovascular and Circulatory Systems: Atherosclerosis, Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Angina, Heart Attack,
Arrhythmias, Stroke, Hypertension, Cardiovascular & Coronary Heart Disease
Respiratory System: Asthma, Emphysema, Cystic Fibrosis, ARDS, Chronic Lung Disease,
Skeletal and Muscular System: Tooth Loss, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Bone Density, Joint Health, Fibromyalgia
Dermatological System: Acne, Eczema, Psoriasis
Digestive System: Ulcers, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Chron’s Disease, Intestinal Disorders
Immune System: AIDS, Lupus, Autoimmune Diseases
Reproductive System: Prostate Health, Breastfeeding, Pregnancy, Menopause, HPV, PMS
Endocrine System: Diabetes
Urinary System: Kidney’s, Hemodialysis
Cancer: Breast, Prostate, Colorectal, Kidney, Liver, Lymph, Colon, Lung
Weight Control
Vision: Cataracts, Dry Eye, Macular Degeneration, Retinopathy

13. Scientific Research- Omega-3 and Health
This is simply a list of the health benefits
associated with EPA and DHA found in fish oil.
To learn more about each health concern and the
benefits of omega-3, please visit our online library
of information of health concerns and discover
how omega-3 can create a lifetime of health.

14. The excessive consumption of omega-6 fatty acids:
Promote the excessive production of eicosanoids (inflammation)
Increased production of free radicals
Compete with enzymes of metabolic pathways creating a host of medical problems.
Increased susceptibility to lipid oxidation
Stimulates neoplastic cell growth in culture
Impairs insulin activity

15. Why the excess consumption?
Consumer barriers to healthy living:
Food Industry’s Contribution:
Lack of time
Love to eat their favorite foods
The expense
Confusion with health claims
Not interested in exercise
Cost Efficient
Easier production
Shelf stability
Longer shelf life
Ability to market low-
saturated fat

16. Functional Food Solution
Multiple small changes contribute to significant health rewards
Simple substitutions are key to nutrient dense foods leading to better overall health
Replace your typical product with one enriched with omega-3
Euromonitor International 2007

17. Maximize Your Health Restoring Balance
Take an omega-3 supplement
Eat more oily fish
Reduce omega-6 consumption
Restoring Balance
Eat a variety of fruits and vegetables
Consume oils with a healthy balance of omega-3 to omega-6
Eat a variety of fatty fish: tuna, salmon, mackerel
Eat omega-3 fortified foods
Avoid hydrogenated and partially hydrogenated oils- trans fat
Choose free range chicken, beef, bison, pork and other wild game
Use fish oil supplements rich in EPA and DHA
Allport, Susan. The Queen of Fats. London: University of California, 2006.

18. Omega-3 Market

19. Market Evolution Percent increase: 75% 37% 15% 11% 15%
* These numbers include flax
Source: Packaged Facts: Omega-3 Foods and the U.S. Food and Beverage Market, March 2007

20. Market Knowledge

22. Omega Protein, Inc Omega Protein is the world’s largest
processor of fish oil - OmegaPure.
Vertically integrated from catch through production.
Omega Protein owns 40 fishing vessels and 38 spotter planes.
State-of-the-art fish oil refinery produces OmegaPure from herring (menhaden) caught in U.S. waters.
OmegaPure Technology and Innovation Center (OPTIC) established for product development.
Publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (OME).

23. For more information on omega-3 fatty acids, EPA/DHA, the industry, or OmegaProtein, please contact me at:
2105 City West Blvd., Suite 500
Houston, Texas
Direct Line: