1. Mechanical Concepts Applied in Congenital Heart Disease and Cardiac Surgery 
Rabin Gerrah, MD, Stephen J. Haller, BS, Isaac George, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 103, Issue 6, Pages (June 2017)
DOI: /j.athoracsur
Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
(A) Hagen-Poiseuille equation (velocity vectors are approximate). (B) Bernoulli principle and Venturi effect (velocity vectors are approximate). Law of Laplace for (C) spherical and (D) cylindrical vessels.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Effects of anastomosis angle on cross-sectional area. (A) Renderings of an anastomosis (4.0-mm vessels intersecting) at 90, 60, and 30 degrees. Red represents intersected region. (B) Intersecting regions for an anastomosis with angles ranging from 10 to 90 degrees (red regions correspond to A). (C) Cross-sectional area percent increase versus anastomosis angle (percent increase is relative to the 90-degree case).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Illustration of streamlines through a reconstructed neonatal aortic arch and Blalock-Taussig shunt. Color corresponds to velocity.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions