1. Verb Verb = expresses action or a state of being.
Action verb = expresses either physical or mental activity.
Ex: The ancient Egyptians constructed elaborate tombs for their rulers. [the verb constructed expresses physical activity]
Physical
travel
Sit
Arise
Draw
Build
Mental
Remember
Think
Believe
Consider
know
Ex: The ancient Egyptians constructed elaborate tombs for their rulers. [the verb constructed expresses physical activity]
Ex: Do you recall the family we met on our vacation last summer? [the verb phrase do recall expresses mental activity]

2. Other common linking verbs
links, or connects, the subject to the predicate. It does not show action.
Predicate tells us what the subject IS or what it’s DOING
EX: Patience is the best remedy for many troubles.
EX: He became a highly-respected sculptor.
Forms of Be Am Be
Will be
Had been Is
Can be
Could be
Shall have been
Are
Was
Were
being
Predicate tells us what the subject is doing or what it is
Other common linking verbs
Appear
Grow
Seem
Stay
Become
Look
Smell
Taste
Feel
Remain
Sound
turn

3. Linking vs. Action LINKING = The soup tasted spicy.
ACTION = We tasted the soup.
LINKING = The corn grows taller every day.
ACTION = Mr. Tahir grows pomegranates in his
garden.
**To determine whether a verb in a sentence is linking or action, substitute a form of the verb be. If the sentence makes sense, the verb is probably a linking verb.**
Some verbs may be used as linking verbs or as action verbs
To determine whether a verb in a sentence is linking or action, substitute a form of the verb be. If the sentence makes sense, the verb is probably a linking verb.

4. Commonly used Helping Verbs
A verb phrase consists of at least one main verb and one or more helping verbs (auxiliary verbs)
EX: John will be arriving at 3:00 P.M.
Will and be are the helping verbs; arriving is the main verb
Ex: She should not have been told about her surprise party.
Should, have, and been are the helping verbs. Told is the main verb.
Commonly used Helping Verbs
Is Am Are Was Were Be Being
Been Has Have Had Do Does Did Shall Should
Will Would May Might Must Can Could
A verb phrase consts of at least one main verb and one or more helping verbs (auxiliary verbs)
Other helping verbs = may, might, must, can, could, shall, should, will, would
Ex 1: Will and be are the helping verbs; arriving is the main verb
isEx 2: Should, have, and been are the helping verbs. Told is the main verb.

5. For each question, do the following:
POP QUIZ
Number off 1-10.
For each question, do the following:
Write down the sentence
Underline the verb/verb phrase and write down which verb is being used
If helping verb, CIRCLE the main verb
If linking, BOX the predicate

6. They are watching television.
EXAMPLE
They are watching television.

7. They are watching television.
Helping Verb

8. Frank was tired after work.
EXAMPLE
Frank was tired after work.

9. Frank was tired after work.
Linking Verb

10. 1. My dad drove his car to the store.

11. 2. Finding Nemo is her favorite movie.

12. 3. I did my homework right after school.

13. 4. Ann was cooking dinner in the kitchen.

14. 5. The boys were playing in the park.

15. 6. Sarah competed in the track meet.

16. 7. The ocean water tastes salty.

17. 8. Thomas raised his hand.

18. 9. Randy is studying for his grammar test.

19. 10. They will be late to the party.

20. 1. My dad drove his car to the store.
Action verb

21. 2. Finding Nemo is her favorite movie.
Linking verb

22. 3. I did my homework right after school.
Action verb

23. 4. Ann was cooking dinner in the kitchen.
Helping Verb

24. 5. The boys were playing in the park.
Helping Verb

25. 6. Sarah competed in the track meet.
Action verb

26. 7. The ocean water tastes salty.
Linking verb

27. 8. Thomas raised his hand.
Action verb

28. 9. Randy is studying for his grammar test.
Helping Verb

29. 10. They will be late to the party.
Linking verb

30. Adverbs Modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
An adverb tells how, when, where, or to what extent.
He is working now. (working TO WHAT EXTENT)
They are exceptionally skillful. (HOW skillful?)
Many adverbs end in –ly, but that does not always mean it is an adverb
Examples: lovely, lonely, ghastly, and worldly
These examples do not answer the question HOW?
These examples are really adjectives!
An adverb tells how, when, where, or to what extent.
Many adverbs end in –ly, but that does not always mean it is an adverb (daily newspaper; only child)
Some words that do not end in –ly are adverbs (now, then, far, already, somewhat, not, and right)

31. Adverbs Modifying Verbs
EX:
Marian Anderson performed magnificently.
Answers HOW
Marian Anderson performed earlier.
Answers WHEN
Marian Anderson performed there.
Answers WHERE
Marian Anderson performed widely.
Answers TO WHAT EXTENT
HOW
WHEN
WHERE
TO WHAT EXTENT

32. Adverbs modifying adjectives examples:
EX: That’s an extremely dangerous corner for bicycle riders.
The adverb extremely modifies the adjective dangerous, telling how.
Adverbs modifying other adverbs examples:
EX: Good drivers turn that corner very slowly
The adverb very modifies the adverb slowly, telling to what extent
What kind of corner? (DANGEROUS) How dangerous? (EXTREMELY)
How does the the driver turn? (SLOWLY) To what extent of slow? (VERY)

33. REMEMBER Adjectives modifies a noun/pronoun
What kind? Which one? How many? How much?
Adverb modifies a verb/adjective/adverb
How? Where? When? To what extent?