1. Symbiotic Relationships

2. Symbiosis
Close long-term relationship between two or more species, in which at least one species benefits.
Three types:
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism

3. Mutualism A symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit.
Rhino &
Cow bird

4. Examples:
An unidentified crab that carries a venomous sea urchin for protection. The crab uses its rear legs to hold the urchin in place. The urchin receives transportation

5. The Sponge Crab is wearing a "hat" that consists of a living sponge colony. The sponge gains transportation while the crab gains a disguise.

6. The Tomato Anemone Fish lives among the Sea Anemone
The Tomato Anemone Fish lives among the Sea Anemone. It gains protection from predators while the anemone gains dinner.

7. This Alpheid Shrimp uses its strong claws like a bulldozer, to create a burrow in the sand. But the shrimp is nearly blind, and relies upon its partner, a sharp-eyed goby, to warn of danger. When a potential predator approaches, both animals disappear quickly into the burrow.

8. Commensalism One organism benefits and the other is unaffected
Remoras live very close to sharks. The shark does not bother the remora, but the remora eats the leftover food the shark drops or does not eat.

9. Examples:
Eagle Rays have powerful jaws which they use to crush open conchs and other shellfish, which they find living on sandy bottoms. Jacks have often been observed to follow rays around, hoping to make a meal of small fish that are flushed from under the sand, while the ray is digging for food.
Barnacles attach themselves to the shells of sea turtles. The barnacles receive a home and transportation.

10. This transparent Philippine Shrimp lives on the surface of bubble coral. It retreats into the narrow spaces between the bubble-like vesicles of the coral, whenever it feels threatened.

11. Small fish can often be found living among the tentacles of large jellyfish. The stinging cells of the jellyfish's tentacles do not appear to harm the little fish, but do protect it against larger fish that might want to eat it.

12. Parasitism One organism benefits and the other is harmed
Organism that benefits is the parasite
Organism that is harmed is the host
Mistletoe & tree

13. Examples
A tick, parasite, feeds off another organism such as a dog, host.
Tapeworms live in the intestines of cats, where they absorb nutrients from the food cats eat.
A bacteria causes your throat to be sore.
Parasites on a mushroom sponge

14. Isopods are crustaceans, some of which are parasites
Isopods are crustaceans, some of which are parasites. Isopods known as "fish lice" attach themselves to their host and feed on its body fluids.

15. A Sea Lamprey, a primitive fish, attaches to the bodies of native fish and feeds on the fish's body fluids. This often leads to the death of the native fish.

16. Review: Herbivore – organism that eats only plants Carnivore – organism that eats only meat Omnivore – organism that eats meat and plants

17. In Your ISN p. 68
Draw 2 examples of each type of symbiotic relationship (6 drawings total.)
Do NOT use the examples from the powerpoint.
Describe the relationship under each drawing.
Summary:
Explain the differences between mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.
Explain what an herbivore, carnivore and omnivore are.