1. SEMINAR ON ANTI-MATTERBy
ASHOK KR PRADHAN
ROLL:-VU/PG/PHS-IVS
NO:-03
VIDYASAGAR UNIVERSITY
DEPT. OF PHYSICS

2. CONTENTS WHAT IS ANTI-MATTER ? ORIGIN. PRODUCTION. ENERGY
ANTI-MATTER EXPLOSION.
ANTI-MATTER PROPULSION.
ADVANTAGES.
DISADVANTAGES.
CONCLUSION.

3. WHAT IS ANTI-MATTER ? Just opposite to the normal MATTER.
Basic components are:
Positron.
Antiproton.
Neutrino.
So anti-matter is the mirror image of
matter
Bubble chamber image courtesy Fermilab.

4. ORIGIN In 1930, Paul Dirac said that the anti-matter should exist.
In 1932, Carl Anderson discovered positron.
In 1950, physicists at the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory used Bevatron accelarator to produce the anti-matter.

5. PRODUCTION OF ANTIMATTER.
Protons are smashed in high energy particle collider.
Matter-antimatter particles are spontaneously created.
Created from radio active decay.
Created naturally from energy.

6. PROBLEMS IN PRODUCTION
Only 1 to 10 nano grams produced in a year.
Most expensive substance on earth.
According to NASA 1 gram cost about $62.5 trillion.
So not economical in using current technology.

7. PROBLEMS IN STORAGE
Current trap can only store antiproton for one week.
Next stage an improvement to antiproton storage.
For complete antimatter propulsion, antiprotons needed to be stored.
Penning trap

8. ENERGY OF ANTI-MATTER
Anti-matter is a fuel source that produce a huge amount of energy.
1 gm of anti-matter can heat 1 kg of water to a temperature of times of temperature of the core of the sun.
The reaction of 1kg antimatter with 1kg matter produce energy equivalent to 43 megatons TNT.
Energy is produced mainly due to annihilation of matter & anti-matter.

9. ANTI-MATTER EXPLOSION
When anti-matter comes contact with normal matter, this equal and opposite charge collide to produce an explosion emitting pure radiation which have very high energy.

10. ANTIMATTER PROPULSION SYSTEMS
Two choice of propulsion
1)Electron-positron annihilation.
produces high energy gamma rays.
impossible to control.
very dangerous.
2)Proton-antiproton annihilation.
produces charged particles.
mass left over after annihilation.

11. Anti-matter pulse propulsion is a variation of pulse propulsion based upon the injection of anti-matter into the mass of nuclear fuel.
Energy released by that fuel is very higher than any coventional fuels.

12. ADVANTAGES
FUEL: 100% of the matter and anti-matter is converted into energy which can used as fuel.
MEDICIN: It is used in positron emission tomography.
RESEARCH: Positron annihilation spectroscopy is used in material research.

13. DISADVANTAGES
An anti-matter weapon is a hypothetical device using anti-matter as a power source.
It is more deadly weapon.
There is a lack of anti-matter existing in universe.

14. CONCLUSION
Due to the highest energy release per unit mass of any known reaction we can say that antimatter will be a future fuel but need a reliable method of producing large amount of it.

15. REFERENCES
Fundamentals of compressible flow with aircraft & rocket propulsion by S.M.yahia