1. Welcome Back!
Answers
B 13.A
B B
D E
C B
D D
D D A D B C E
Grab your quizzes from the back and begin on test corrections. Only 15 minutes before lunch and 20 minutes after lunch. Spend time wisely. Annotate*- Explain thoroughly why your answer is correct. Some of you all have been doing a poor job on past quiz corrections.

2. Transport in Vascular Plants
How Does Transport in Plants Work?

3. A Review of Movement
Vascular Plants –have vascular tissues to assist transport material through the plant.
Active Transport – pumping of solutes against concentration gradient using energy; low to high concentration (uses ATP)
Passive Transport – pumping of solutes from a high to low concentration; no metabolic energy required.
Transport Protein – allows molecules to pass semi-permeable membrane

4. Proton Pumps Most important active transport – proton pump
Proton Pump – uses ATP to pump H+ ions out of the cell
Results in a higher H+ concentration outside the cell
Exocytosis
Chemiosmosis
Membrane Potential – movement of H+ creates a potential gradient as H+ are able to do work.
Voltage created as protons (positive charge) ions are pumped out of the cell creating a separation of opposing charges

5. Water Potential Uptake or loss of water – osmosis (passive transport)
Osmosis – water will move from a level of low solute to high solute*
Factors effecting osmosis – cell wall (control pressure)
Combined effect of solute concentration and pressure are known as water potential (Ψ – psi)
Measured in megapascals (Mpa).

6. Principles of Water Potential
Water potential (ψ ) = pressure potential (ψp ) + solute (osmotic) potential (ψs)
solute (osmotic) potential (ψs) = -iCRT
i – ionization constant - The number of particles the molecule will make in water; for NaCl this would be 2; for sucrose or glucose, this number is 1
C – molar concentration (M)
R – pressure constant =0.0831
T – temperature in K (273 + ᵒC)
Water in cells often apply pressure – turgor pressure

7. Solute (osmotic) potential (ψs )= –iCRT
The number of particles the molecule will make in water; for NaCl this would be 2; for sucrose or glucose, this number is 1
C =
Molar concentration (M) * if not given (next slide)
R =
Pressure constant = liter bar/mole K
T =
Temperature in degrees Kelvin (273 + °C) of solution
Example Problem:
The molar concentration of a sugar solution in an open beaker has been determined to be 0.3M. Calculate the solute potential at 27°C degrees. Round your answer to the nearest hundredth. What is the water potential?
Answer:
-7.48
Solute potential
= -iCRT
= -(1) (0.3 mole/1) ( liter bar/mole K) (300 K)
= bar
Water potential
= , so water potential = -7.48

8. What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 2
What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 2.5 g of NaCl in enough water to make 125 ml of solution?
molarity =
moles of solute
liter of solution
1 mole of any substance has a mass = to the atom’s atomic mass.
2.5 g NaCl x
1 mole NaCl
58.5 g NaCl
= mole
molarity =
mole NaCl        L =
0.34 M NaCl
Molarity is number of moles per Liters of solution

9. Classwork Page 742 Define Plasmolyze Turgid
Wilting (also, how to correct wilting)
Aquaporins
Symplast
Apoplast
Bulk Flow