1. The Endocrine System
With nervous system coordinates the function of all body systems
Regulates homeostasis through hormones

2. Hormones Over 50 hormones Secretions enter blood
Effect target cell, tissue organ
Most only affect a few types of cells

3. FUNCTIONS OF HORMONES Helps regulate: 1. metabolism
2. ICF & ECF balance
3. contraction of smooth and cardiac muscle
4. Reproductive system
Control growth & development

4. Hormone Function

5. Pituitary Gland

6. Thyroid

7. Parathyroid

8. Adrenal glands

9. Pancreas
The endocrine tissue of the pancreas is called the Pancreatic Islets or Islets of Langerhans
Alpha Cells - secrete Glucagon
raises blood sugar
Beta Cells - secrete Insulin
lowers blood sugar

10. STRESS Anything that disrupts homeostasis May be physical
May be related to life situations

11. General Adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Three stages
Body’s response to stress

12. Alarm Stage Body is preparing for stress
Body’s way of dealing with a stressor

13. Body changes during alarm
Increase blood pressure
Increase heart rate
Muscles tense
Decrease in blood supply to digestive system

14. Body changes during alarm
More mentally alert
Better hearing and eyesight
Sweating
Dry mouth
More blood and glucose to muscles

15. Resistance stage Body is dealing with the stress
Body is trying to keep going
Body’s way of dealing with prolonged stress

16. Exhaustion stage Body is worn out Major fatigue
Increase in cortisol levels
Decrease in K+
Immune system is depressed
Illness may occur