1. EXPANDING HORIZONS SEC. 22-1 PAGES 638-641
Define: Isolationism – expansionism – imperialism
Identify: Matthew Perry- Treaty of Kanagawa –
Sec. of State, William Seward – Josiah Strong
Sec. of State, James Blaine – Capt. Alfred Mahan

2. ISOLATIONISM Non-involvement in world affairs
In 1796, Pres. G. Washington warned in his Farewell Address that the US should avoid alliances with foreign countries.

3. U.S. EXPANSIONISM
Policy that calls for a nation to expand beyond existing borders
By mid 1800s, American traders had expanded into China and Japan (isolated from West)
1853- Matthew Perry – opened trading with US and Japan – Treaty of Kanagawa (1854)
By 1890s, US frontier was coast to coast –
look to expand outside
of US. for needed
resources, markets

4. SUMMARIZE What is isolationism? Who warned the US to be isolated?
What is expansionism?
In what area of the world was the US expanding?
Who opened trading with Japan in the mid 1850s?

5. Age of Imperialism
Actions used by one nation to exercise political/economic control over smaller or weaker nations.
Search for raw materials - resources
Search for new markets to trade
European nations will begin to compete for power and influence in Asia & Africa

6. ANNEXATION Annex – to add (land) new lands
Americans want to build a new empire
Would need a canal across Central America linking Atlantic & Pacific Oceans

7. Sec. of State William Seward
Wanted US to dominate in Caribbean, Central America & Pacific
1867- Signed treaty with Russia for Alaska
Paid $7.2 million – 2 cents an acre
“Seward’s Folly or Icebox” – seen as land of ice with no resources – poor investment
1890s – gold & oil discovered
Became territory in 1912 – 49th state in 1959

8. SUMMARIZE
What vocab term means a nation gains control over a smaller, weaker nation to gain political or economic control?
What vocab term means to add on new lands
What new territory did the US gain in 1867?
From whom?
What was it known as?

9. Americans want to expand
Spread Christianity – moral duty to “uncivilized
world”- Josiah Strong, minister
Bring religion and culture to Africa, Asia and
Latin America
Increase trade (new markets) – improve jobs in factories
Find needed raw materials for industries
Spread democracy – US wants to help nations with no/poor government

10. Monroe Doctrine
1823 – Warning to European nations to stay out of western hemisphere – do not interfere with colonies
US would also not interfere with colonies already established
US signed treaties in Latin American countries allowing businesses to influence those nation’s economies.
1889 – Sec. of State, James Blaine invited Latin American countries to Washington DC for
Pan-American Union conference.

11. Capt. Alfred Mahan
Improve and enlarge US navy – sea power would protect US shipping – provide access to world markets
US would need overseas colonies where ships could be refueled – get supplies
1883- Congress authorizes construction of first steel-hulled warships
By early 1900s, US has naval power to back up expanded role in foreign affairs.

12. SUMMARIZE What were the four reasons the US wanted to expand?
What 1823 idea did the US still plan to uphold in the western hemisphere?
What major idea did Capt. Mahan promote?