1. THE First Presidents: Washington & Adams

2. George Washington – 1st President 1789-1797

4. What is this painting commemorating?

5. What is this painting commemorating?

6. What is this painting commemorating?

7. Background
Fought in the French & Indian War
Commander in Chief: during Revolutionary war
Crossing the Delaware  increase in enlistment
Valley Forge  boost soldier morale
Yorktown Cornwallis surrenders (‘MERICA!)
Assisted in Constitutional Convention - elected president ( )

8. - George Washington April 16, 1789
''About 10 o'clock I bade farewell to Mount Vernon, to private life, and to domestic felicity; and with a mind oppressed with more anxious and painful sensations than I have words to express, set out for New York.”

9. Precedents: examples to follow
Selects a Cabinet: leaders of executive departments
Alexander Hamilton = secretary of the treasury (Federalist/strong gov’t)
Thomas Jefferson = sec. of state (foreign relations)
Approved by the Senate!

10. Interpreting the constitution
LOOSE CONSTRUCTION
STRICT CONSTRUCTION
BROAD AND VAGUE INTERPRETATION OF RULES AND LAWS THAT ARE WRITTEN IN CONSTITUTION…
GIVES MORE “WIGGLE ROOM” TO WHAT THE GOV’T CAN DO
POWERS OF GOV’T ARE LIMITED TO WHAT IT SAYS IN CONSTITUTION…
IF IT DOESN’T SAY YOU CAN DO IT…YOU CAN’T DO IT!

12. 2. Supports National Treasury (bank)
LOOSE CONSTRUCTION!!!!
2. Supports National Treasury (bank)
debt from Rev war >>> import tariffs (taxes) to pay down debt
federal gov’t wants to assume (take over) state’s debts and regulate their banks
Borrow/lend $ to foreign nations
(“Implied powers” for “general welfare” …States’ rights supporters see this as abuse of power!)
(student project – movie trailer on the whiskey rebellion)

14. The first political parties
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15. 41. What kind of government did Hamilton favor
41. What kind of government did Hamilton favor? What kind of people supported Hamilton? What were they called?
42. What kind of government did Jefferson favor? What kind of people supported Jefferson? What were they called? What developed as a result of the differences between Hamilton & Jefferson?

16. 3. Supports Whiskey Tax - to pay off war debt
a. Whiskey was heavily taxed, this angered grain farmers who distilled their grain into whiskey
4. Asserts power! – Whiskey Rebellion
a. rebels close courts and attack collectors
b. Washington sends troops!... 12, soldiers
Gov will not tolerate armed rebellion!!!!

17. What represents the rebels?
“My poor Humphrey, let us tar and feather the radical”
What represents the rebels?
What represents the gov’t?
Is this cartoonist angry with a loose or strict constructionist?

18. - don’t favor 1 side! (Britain vs. France)
5. Neutrality
- don’t favor 1 side! (Britain vs. France)
- George was also not a part of a political party
- “Factions” threaten the unity of the republic
6. Steps Down
Serves only 2 terms (precedent!)
a. Declined to run in 1796: wanted to escape the turmoil of politics and set an example by walking away from power
b. Farewell Address

19. Washington’s Farewell Address

20. 38. What did the Whiskey Rebellion demonstrate about the power of the government under the Constitution?
39. What precedents did George Washington establish as President?
40. In his farewell address, what did Washington say about political parties and foreign alliances?

21. John Adams – 2nd President

22. Background
1. Lawyer that represented British soldiers after Boston Massacre (I LAW)
2. Vice President under Washington
3. Federalist – political party in favor of a strong Federal gov’t

23. Adams’ VP = Jefferson Back then, 2nd place became VP
TJ was a Democratic Republican political party in favor of stronger state gov’t
(But Adams was a Federalist!!)
2. What might happen if the country has a President and a Vice President from different parties??

25. Stop! Activity time!
BFF’S OR
FRENEMIES?
YOU DECIDE.

26. XYZ AFFAIR
ALIEN AND SEDITION ACT
REVOLUTION OF 1800
ADAMS & JEFFERSON LETTERS

27. Adams’ Presidency 1. Britain and France @ war
a. French seize American trade ships and claim them to be contraband (war materials) headed to enemy country (Britain)
2. Adams sends Secretary of State to France to negotiate
3. XYZ Affair – French agents (X,Y,Z) demand $250,000 to begin negotiations
a. Adams = irritated and offended!

28. 4. Est. peacetime army (10,000 men) and builds Navy >>> taxes
5. Alien & Sedition Acts - laws intended to frighten foreigners
Alien - Pres could deport/imprison “dangerous” aliens (foreigners)
Sedition - Forbade people from writing/speaking out against gov’t
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29. Adams becomes unpopular…

30. 1800 Election Results https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_zTN4BXvYI
Adams
Jefferson

31. Thomas Jefferson - 3rd President

32. Time Out
43. What was the XZY Affair? What effect did the XYZ Affair have on foreign relations?
44. What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?

33. Review Videos
The Constitution, The Articles, & Federalism D8&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7Obz O7s&index=8
Where US Politics came from &list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7 s&index=9