1. Predation
Individual of one species, called the predator, eats all or part of an individual of another species, called the prey
All heterotrophs (carnivores and herbivores) are predators

2. Predator Adaptations
Rattlesnake's sense of smell and heat-sensitive pits below nostrils
Spider's sticky web
Wolve's and coyote's sharp teeth
Tiger's stripes that camouflage

3. Prey Adaptations
Some insects like the green leaf mantid, are shaped and colored like leaves
Some animals have deceptive markings like fake eyes or false heads
Plants have thorns, spines, tough leaves
Plants have chemical defenses that are poisonous, irritating, or bad-tasting
mimicry

4. Mimicry One species closely resembles another
Batesian mimicry occurs when one harmless organism looks similar to a dangerous one (example: eastern coral snake and scarlet king snake)
Mullerian mimicry occurs when two or more dangerous species look alike (example: bees and wasps have same stripe pattern)