1. Bell Ringer 5.1-5A-C Fill out the notes and observations section
Answer the four questions that follow

2. The Rise of Napoleon Essential Question: What role did Napoleon play in the French Revolution?

3. Background Sent to military school at age 10
Started in the artillery as a 16 year old lieutenant
When the revolution broke out he joined the New Republic's Army

4. His Accomplishments
His legend began in 1795 when he put down a Royalist threat
1796 the Directory appointed Napoleon General of the French Army against Austria and Sardinia
He soon swept into Italy and won a series of victories
Soon he became the most famous general in France.

5. Napoleon’s Coup Directory quickly loses faith of the people
In 1799, Napoleon takes control of France by leading a coup d’etat, or a sudden overthrow of the government
He became emperor by using the plebiscites-election where you vote yes or no
He won with overwhelming support. France wanted a strong central leader
Through a series of victories, Napoleon controls almost all of Europe

8. Reasons for His Success
It is a citizens army
Excellent mobility (good cavalry, strike-retreat)
They live off the land
They look good, very intimidating.

9. Domination of Europe
By 1810, Napoleon’s empire stretched from the Atlantic Ocean to Russia
At this time he set up universal laws known as the Napoleonic Code
As he marched across Europe, he eliminated serfdom, introduced religious tolerance, and spread the ideals of liberty and equality.

10. His First Mistake
He cut off all trade between Britain and the rest of Europe
Napoleon thought that this would cripple Britain.
The plan backfired when British formed a blockade to stop all French imports
This hurt France and angered Napoleon’s allies

11. His Second Mistake
Napoleon misjudged the power of nationalism, a sense of pride or devotion to one’s nation
Nationalism fueled rebellion in Germany and Spain
Napoleon lost over 300,000 men to Spanish and German guerrillas.

12. His Third Mistake
Napoleon invaded Russia because the Czar refused to stop selling grain to Britain
He expected his larger army to defeat Russia’s inferior army.
The Russians retreated towards Moscow and burned everything as they went (Scorched-earth policy).

14. His Third Mistake Continued
The worst winter in 100 years hit Russia
The Russian’s completely burned Moscow.
Napoleon lost between 400, ,000 men in his retreat.

15. An Injured Napoleon
Sensing that Napoleon had been fatally weakened, Britain formed a Grand Alliance against France.
Within a year the allies had defeated France and exiled Napoleon.

16. The End of His Reign
In 1815, he escaped from Elba and returned to France for 100 days
A wave of enthusiasm swept through France upon his return
Thousands again joined Napoleon’s army
When British and Prussian armies rushed towards France, Napoleon met them at Waterloo.

17. Waterloo After a long battle, Napoleon’s troops retreated
This ended Napoleon’s last bid for power
The British exiled Napoleon to the island of St. Helena and he died 6 years later

19. Congress of Vienna Goals Restore balance of power
Restore as many of the old monarchies as possible
Compensation

20. Congress of Vienna France lost all conquered land
Coalition forces would occupy France for 3-5 years
$700,000,000 (Francs) compensation

22. Essential Question
What role did Napoleon play in the French Revolution?