1. Extended Learning Module G
Object-Oriented Technologies

2. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
Explain the primary difference between the traditional technology approach and the object-oriented technology approach.
List and describe the five primary object-oriented concepts.
Explain how classes and objects are related.

3. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
Discuss the three fundamental principles of object-oriented technologies.
Describe two types of object-oriented technologies.

4. MODULE ORGANIZATION Traditional Technology Approach
Learning Outcome #1
Object-Oriented Technology Approach
Five Primary Concepts of Object-Oriented Technologies
Learning Outcomes #2 and #3
Real-World Object-Oriented Examples

5. MODULE ORGANIZATION
Three Fundamental Principles of Object-Oriented Technologies
Learning Outcome #4
Putting It All Together: A Business Example
Types of Object-Oriented Technologies
Learning Outcome #5

6. TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGY APPROACH
Traditional technology approach – has two primary views of any system – information and procedures – and keeps these two views separate and distinct at all times

7. TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGY APPROACH – Information View
Information view – all of the information stored within a system

8. TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGY APPROACH – Procedure View
Procedure – manipulates or changes information
Procedure view – contains all of the procedures within a system
CRUD – (Create, Read, Update, Delete) – four primary procedures, or ways, a system can be updated

9. Problems with Traditional Technology Approach
Leads to disconnects between information and procedures
Have correct information but no procedures to update it
Have correct procedures but no information on which to apply them

10. OBJECT-ORIENTED TECHNOLOGY APPROACH
Object-oriented (OO) approach – combines information and procedures into a single view

11. OBJECT-ORIENTED TECHNOLOGY APPROACH
In the real world, you actually view a given process as a combination of information and the procedures you need to act on that information

12. 5 CONCEPTS OF OO TECHNOLOLGIES
Information (number one)
Information are key characteristics stored within a system. Examples include:
Student Last Name
Student First Name
Final Course Grade

13. 5 CONCEPTS OF OO TECHNOLOLGIES
Procedures (number two)
Procedure – manipulates or changes information. Examples include:
CRUD Student Last Name
Calculate Final Course Grade

14. 5 CONCEPTS OF OO TECHNOLOLGIES
Class (number three)
Class – contains information and procedures and acts as a template to create objects
Information decomposition – breaking down the information and procedures for ease of use and understandability

15. Classes in OO Technologies

16. 5 CONCEPTS OF OO TECHNOLOLGIES
Object (number four)
Object – an instance of a class
An object is the actual item represented by the class
Alana and Samuel in Figure G.4 on the following slide are objects
Every member is a separate object

17. Objects in OO Technologies

18. 5 CONCEPTS OF OO TECHNOLOLGIES
Messages (number five)
Message – how objects communicate with each other
One object can send a message to another object asking it to perform a certain procedure

19. How the 5 OO Concepts Are Related
Information and procedures create classes
Classes create objects
Objects communicate with other objects via messages

20. REAL WORLD OO EXAMPLE

21. REAL WORLD OO EXAMPLE A stereo includes objects
Amplifier
CD player
Speakers
Etc
Each works together for the system to function

22. 3 FUNDAMENTAL OO PRINCIPLES
The three fundamental principles of object-oriented technologies are:
Inheritance
Encapsulation
Polymorphism

23. Inheritance
Inheritance – the ability to define superclass and subclass relationships among classes
Take a minute and review Figure G.6 on the following slide to determine which class is the superclass which is the subclass

24. Inheritance

25. Inheritance
The Car class is the superclass and the Bronco and Porsche are the subclasses
Another way to say it… the Bronco and Porsche subclasses inherit all of the information and procedures from the Car superclass

26. Inheritance
Reuse – the business benefit gained from using inheritance is the ability to easily expand and maintain a system

27. Encapsulation Encapsulation – information hiding
Interface – any device that calls procedures and can include such things as a keyboard, mouse, and touch screen

28. Polymorphism Polymorphism – to have many forms
The word “bark” can mean tree bark or a dog’s bark
Figure G.7 (following slide) shows how to calculate area with different calculations

29. Polymorphism

30. A BUSINESS EXAMPLE
The following is a list of common competitor problems
18 months to market
Inventory control
Scalability and expandability

31. 18 Months to Market Takes 18 months to get a new product on the market
Businesses typically have separate systems for each business function
Each system must be updated with the new product information

32. 18 Months to Market Reduce time to market – use the OO approach
Create Snowboard class
Design an interface
Use inheritance
Create one object that communicates with all other objects across all other systems

33. 18 Months to Market

34. Inventory Control Businesses need sufficient inventory
To meet production needs
While minimizing costs associated with
Storing the inventory
Transporting the inventory
Maintaining the inventory

35. Scalability & Expandability
Scalability – refers to how well your system can adapt to increased demands
Expandability – refers to how easy it is to add features and functions to a system

36. TYPES OF OO TECHNOLOGIES
Program – set of instructions that cause a computer to behave in a specific manner
Programming language – tool developers use to write a program
OO programming language – programming language used to develop OO systems

37. TYPES OF OO TECHNOLOGIES
Object-oriented database – works with traditional database information and also complex data types such as diagrams, schematic drawings, video, sound, and text documents

38. OO Technologies & Client/Server Network
Spreading objects across a network makes logical sense:
Client objects work with local information
Server objects work with global information

39. OO Technologies & Client/Server Network

40. Future of OO Technologies
OO tools will perform tasks and provide functionality that we haven’t even thought of yet