1. The Columbian Exchange
Click the map for a video on the Columbian Exchange

2. The Columbian Exchange
Explorers created contact between Europe and Americas.
Interaction with Native Americans led to big cultural changes.
Contact between the two groups led to the exchange of plants, animals, and disease—the Columbian Exchange.
Plants and animals developed in very different ways in hemispheres
Europeans—no potatoes, corn, sweet potatoes, turkeys
People in Americas—no coffee, oranges, rice, wheat, sheep, cattle
The Exchange of Goods
Arrival of Europeans in Americas changed all this
Previously unknown foods taken back to Europe
Familiar foods brought to Americas by colonists
Sharing Discoveries
The introduction of beasts of burden to the Americas was a significant development from the Columbian Exchange. The introduction of the horse provided people in the Americas with a new source of labor and transportation.

4. Effects of the Columbian Exchange
Different Foods
Exchange of foods and animals had dramatic impact on later societies
Over time crops native to Americas became staples in diets of Europeans
Foods provided nutrition, helped people live longer
Economics and Cuisines
The introduction of cattle, and horses provided the Native Americans with a new source of labor and transportation.
Activities like Texas cattle ranching, Brazilian coffee growing not possible without Columbian Exchange; cows, coffee native to Old World
Traditional cuisines changed because of Columbian Exchange
Italian Food Without Tomatoes?
Until contact with Americas, Europeans had never tried tomatoes
Most Europeans thought tomatoes poisonous
By late 1600s, tomatoes had begun to be included in Italian cookbooks

5. Effects of Columbian Exchange felt not only in Europe, Americas China
Arrival of easy-to-grow, nutritious corn helped population grow tremendously
Also a main consumer of silver mined in Americas
Africa
Two native crops of Americas—corn, peanuts—still among most widely grown
Scholars estimate one-third of all food crops grown in world are of American origin

6. The Introduction of New Diseases
Native Americans had no natural resistance to European diseases
Smallpox, measles, influenza, malaria killed millions
Population of Mexico may have decreased by more than 30 percent in the 10 years following first contact with Europeans
Native American population continued to decline for centuries
Slavery
Africans and Native Americans were used as slaves to provide labor.
Between 8 and 10.5 million slaves were forced to work to produce tobacco, rice, coffee, and sugar.